Intraintestinal Delivery of Tastants Using a Naso-Duodenal-Ileal Catheter Does Not Influence Food Intake or Satiety

Abstract

Intraduodenal activity of taste receptors reduces food intake. Taste receptors are expressed throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract. Currently, there are no data available on the effects of distal taste receptor activation. In this study, we investigate the effect of intraduodenal and/or intraileal activation of taste receptors on food intake and satiety. In a single-blind randomized crossover trial, fourteen participants were intubated with a naso-duodenal-ileal catheter and received four infusion regimens: duodenal placebo and ileal placebo (DPIP), duodenal tastants and ileal placebo (DTIP), duodenal placebo and ileal tastants (DPIT), duodenal tastants and ileal tastants (DTIT). Fifteen minutes after cessation of infusion, subjects received an ad libitum meal to measure food intake. Visual analog scale scores for satiety feelings were collected at regular intervals. No differences in food intake were observed between the various interventions (DPIP: 786.6 ± 79.2 Kcal, DTIP: 803.3 ± 69.0 Kcal, DPIT: 814.7 ± 77.3 Kcal, DTIT: 834.8 ± 59.2 Kcal, p = 0.59). No differences in satiety feelings were observed. Intestinal infusion of tastants using a naso-duodenal-ileal catheter did not influence food intake or satiety feelings. Possibly, the burden of the four-day naso-duodenal-ileal intubation masked a small effect that tastants might have on food intake and satiety.

Development of a delayed-release nutrient for appetite control in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes and initial clinical testing in a single dose randomized controlled trial

“…The tonic water used to ingest the nutrients contains quinine may have altered gut hormone release and appetite 35,36 . However, as the same solution was used with both meals differences between the groups are unlikely to be due to the quinine.…”

Taste, Nutrition, and Health

“…Lastly, taste receptors are expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract and are known to release satiety hormones such as GLP-1, CCK, and PYY. In a single-blind, crossover trial, Klaassen et al [17] delivered a tastant mixture via a naso-duodenal-ileal catheter to healthy participants and measured food intake and satiety from a subsequent meal. However, no differences in outcome measures were observed as a function of duodenal (proximal) or ileal (distal) infusions.…”

Effect of bolus enteral tube feeding on body weight in ambulatory adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a feasibility pilot randomized trial

“…MM: Ensure Nutrition Shake ® Abbott Park, Illinois, USA [Per 250 mL bottle: 920.5 kJ (220 kcal) protein 9 g, carbohydrate 33 g (15 g sugar), fat 6 g, sodium 190 mg, potassium 390 mg]. This treatment was selected as we previously demonstrated a significant increase in GLP-1, PYY, and insulin levels, along with appetite suppression, with single dose administration to the upper intestine in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes 22 .…”

“…The primary outcome was 14-day weight change (from cycle baseline to end of the 14-day nutrient intervention: days 0-14). Secondary outcomes included the 28-day cycle weight change (cycle baseline to end of cycle: days 0-28), and the weight change from the 14-day end of nutrient intervention to 28-day end of cycle (days [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. For all enrolled participants, select baseline demographic and clinical parameters were recorded.…”

“…Most have evaluated the effect of a single dose of nutrient, but some have lasted up to 3 days 20,21 . We demonstrated in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes that the rapid administration of a single mixed-meal (MM) bolus to the upper intestine via nasoenteral tube was associated with increased circulating levels of GLP-1, PYY, insulin, and a suppression of appetite that was greater than that seen when the same MM was taken orally 22 .…”