“…Both 4 t Cz-DICz and 4Hex-DICz in toluene exhibit very narrow PL emissions at 422 and 423 nm with bandwidths of 16 and 18 nm, respectively. Such narrow emission bandwidths can be attributed to the rigid structure of the DICz core with relatively little change in charge distribution upon electronic emission. , Additionally, in toluene, both 4 t Cz-DICz and 4Hex-DICz exhibit minimal Stokes shifts of 9 and 10 nm, respectively. These can be attributed to the rigid structure of the DICz core, which undergoes relatively little change in the charge distribution during electronic emission.…”