Intraspecific Life-History Variation in Lymnaea peregra (Gastropoda: Pulmonata). I. Field Study

Lam, Patrick T.I.; Calow, Peter

doi:10.2307/4849

Cited by 34 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For instance, the life span of Lymnaea stagnalis may extend to seven years (Boag et al, 1979) in contrast to the typically annual life cycle of L. peregra (Lam et al, 1989). Distinct divergence between synchronous and non-synchronous semelparity within a genus, however, has not to our knowledge been documented before the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Synchronous and Non-Synchronous Semelparity in Sibling Species of Pulmonates

Nyumura

Asami²

2015

Zoological Science

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Diverse life histories have been documented in terrestrial pulmonates, which inhabit different regions in climate. Life history traits are often phenotypically plastic and vary depending on the environment. Thus, surveys using designs that control for the confounding effects of environment are needed to evaluate the evolutionary differences between populations of closely related species in the wild. We examined the life histories of sibling species of terrestrial pulmonate within two regions of similar climates. Bradybaena pellucida (BP) is endemic to Japanese islands, and has recently been expanding its distribution northeastward, whereas B. similaris (BS) has been introduced by humans into temperate and tropical regions worldwide. We found that these species exhibit discrete differences in population dynamics and life cycle, despite their close relatedness. The annual life cycle of BP is synchronized among individuals in a population. Thus, BP is univoltine with discontinuous generation. In contrast, BS individuals do not synchronize their growth or reproduction, and thus exhibit overlapping generations. Our results indicate that synchronized and non-synchronized population dynamics diverge relatively rapidly in semelparous pulmonates. This type of difference has not been documented in pulmonate life history, and may have been overlooked because only a few studies have explicitly compared life cycles of closely related species within the same climate. Our results provide a basis for further studies of life history evolution in pulmonates.Key words: life cycle, life history, population dynamics, land snail, Bradybaena, Gastropoda INTRODUCTIONThe life histories of animals and plants can be categorized as iteroparous or semelparous; iteroparity refers to repeated reproduction over separate periods in individual lifetime, whereas semelparity is characterized by death after reproduction in a single period (Roff, 1992;Young, 2010). This way of contrasting different life histories provides useful insights into the evolution of reproductive strategies. Among diverse organisms, however, distinctions between these categories may not necessarily be generally applicable, and remain controversial (Kirkendall and Stenseth, 1985;Hughes and Simons, 2014).In land gastropods including snails and slugs, Heller (2001) reviewed literature of 20 iteroparous and 15 semelparous genera. Since then, probable iteroparity in the genus Helicodonta (Maltz, 2003) and semelparity in Pupilla (Pokryszko, 2001) and Trochulus (Kuznik-Kowalska et al., 2013a) have been reported. Populations of Xerolenta obvia vary from iteroparity to semelparity, perhaps depending on environment (Lazaridou and Chatziioannou, 2005). Even among terrestrial pulmonates, wide ranges of variation have been documented in life span and cycle and other reproductive traits across diverse climatic ranges (Heller, 1990(Heller, , 2001Maltz, 2003;Kramarenko, 2013).To elucidate the processes and mechanisms of ecology and evolution responsible for the diversity of life history, t...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Synchronous and Non-Synchronous Semelparity in Sibling Species of Pulmonates

Nyumura

Asami²

2015

Zoological Science

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“…The estimates are generally similar but can be sometimes very different. For the regressions the final estimate used was the mean of the two regressions (Lam & Calow, 1989;Holloway etal., 1993b).…”

Section: Calculation Of Genetic Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic correlations and reaction norms in wing pattern of the tropical butterfly Bicyclus anynana

Windig

1994

Heredity

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Genetic correlations (rg) within and across environments, were determined in the tropical, dry-wet seasonal polyphenic butterfly Bicyclus anynana, over four temperatures, for larval DEVELOP-MENT time (plastic), pupal WEIGHT (less plastic) and two wing pattern characters: SEASONAL FORM (plastic) and THERMAL FORM (less plastic). The rgs for SEASONAL FORM were weak, making it relatively independent across seasons. The rgs for WEIGHT were intermediate between

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“…In general, larger animals are older, however, the correlation between size and age is far from perfect. In fact, same-aged snails, including Lymnaea often differ greatly in size and same sized animals might be of different age [present study (Lam and Calow, 1989a;Lam and Calow, 1989b;Ward et al, 1997)]. Thus, size is an unreliable estimate of age and age could be a confounding effect when dealing with size-dependent mating strategies, i.e.…”

Section: Age-versus Size-dependent Matingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body growth is indeterminate in Lymnaea although it slows down substantial after about 9-11 months of age in ad libitum fed, captive populations (Janse et al, 1989). In consequence, young sexually mature animals are usually smaller than their more senior conspecifics although body size can differ greatly even within age cohorts (Lam and Calow, 1989a;Lam and Calow, 1989b;Ward et al, 1997) (and own unpublished observations). Although evidence exist that egg-laying slows down and may come to a halt in aged animals (Janse et al, 1989), very few if any studies have systematically investigated male and female copulation incidence across the species' life cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in many hermaphrodites, female fecundity, but not male fecundity, correlates significantly with body size (DeWitt,Age-dependent mating in Lymnaea Other studies provide evidence for the existence of size-assortative mating strategies in various simultaneous hermaphrodites (SwitzerDunlap et al, 1984;Baur, 1992;DeWitt, 1996;Yusa, 1996;Angeloni et al, 2002;Ohbayashi-Hodoki et al, 2004;Chaine and Angeloni, 2005). However, although most invertebrates are indeterminate growers, same-aged snails often differ greatly in size (Forbes and Crampton, 1942;Lam and Calow, 1989a;Lam and Calow, 1989b;Ward et al, 1997). It is therefore conceivable that whereas it is known that hermaphrodites change their reproductive strategies as they grow (Cadet et al, 2004), interpretation of these data could be confounded by the fact that for many of them age is a covariant of size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for age-dependent mating strategies in the simultaneous hermaphrodite snail,Lymnaea stagnalis(L.)

Hermann

Genereux

Wildering

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYIn many mating systems female reproductive capacity is a limiting resource over which males will compete. As a consequence, males and females have usually different fitness optimization strategies which may give rise to sexual conflict. Since simultaneous hermaphrodites have, in theory, the option to mate as male or as female at any time, conflict will occur if partners insist in taking the same role. Several lines of evidence exists that body size influences gender choice. However, growth in many invertebrates is indeterminate and therefore age is generally a covariant of size. We therefore investigated the effect of age on mating choices in the simultaneous hermaphrodite Lymnaea stagnalis. Using fully sexually mature animals sampled from three different age groups we show that copulation frequency declines with age. Specifically, in age-matched couples the frequency of primary and reciprocal copulations declines with age. Furthermore, the younger partner tends to mate as male with greater probability in couples of unequal age. Size was never a factor in the sex role preference of Lymnaea. Thus, young Lymnaea always attempt to copulate as male independent of the age of their partner, whereas senior snails act primarily as female. The sex role choices of middle-aged snails appear to depend on their partnerʼs age. In addition, we demonstrate that the likelihood that an animal will copulate as male is not correlated with prostate gland size but correlates with the level of afferent electrical activity recorded in the nerve originating in the prostate gland. Together, our results indicate the existence of an age-and not sizedependent mating system in Lymnaea.

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Intraspecific Life-History Variation in Lymnaea peregra (Gastropoda: Pulmonata). I. Field Study

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Synchronous and Non-Synchronous Semelparity in Sibling Species of Pulmonates

Synchronous and Non-Synchronous Semelparity in Sibling Species of Pulmonates

Genetic correlations and reaction norms in wing pattern of the tropical butterfly Bicyclus anynana

Evidence for age-dependent mating strategies in the simultaneous hermaphrodite snail,Lymnaea stagnalis(L.)

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