Intraspecific variation in phenotype among nursery-reared staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis (Lamarck, 1816)

Lohr, Kathryn E.; Patterson, Joshua T.

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2016.10.005

Cited by 48 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…First, understanding the goal of the restoration practice in question will determine how the RRE score is used to consider practice success in terms of maximizing coral yields. Various coral propagation goals exist, including maximizing growth (size) for establishing sexually reproductive populations (dela Cruz & Harrison ), selecting more stress‐resistant genotypes (Ladd et al ; Lohr & Patterson ; Goergen & Gilliam ), and/or propagation of fast growing stress‐sensitive taxa in environments that may offer refuge from stressors (Shaver & Silliman ). However, the same RRE score can be achieved from low growth‐high survivorship and vice versa, potentially confounding the interpretation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…fusion of slow growing massive coral micro‐fragments (Forsman et al ) or selecting for genotypes of fast growing Acropora spp. that have enhanced stress tolerance, and hence survivorship (Ladd et al ; Lohr & Patterson ; Goergen & Gilliam ). Ultimately a balance of different life histories and morphologies may be required to restore reef sites depending on the goal (Muko & Iwasa ; Ladd et al ), which would thus require disproportionate propagation effort across coral taxa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing return‐on‐effort for coral nursery and outplanting practices to aid restoration of the Great Barrier Reef

Suggett

Camp

Edmondson

et al. 2019

Restoration Ecology

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Coral nursery and outplanting practices have grown in popularity worldwide for targeted restoration of degraded "high value" reef sites, and recovery of threatened taxa. Success of these practices is commonly gauged from coral propagule growth and survival, which fundamentally determines the return-on-effort (RRE) critical to the cost-effectiveness and viability of restoration programs. In many cases, RRE has been optimized from past successes and failures, which therefore presents a major challenge for locations such as the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) where no local history of restoration exists to guide best practice. In establishing the first multi-taxa coral nursery on the GBR (Opal Reef, February 2018), we constructed a novel scoring criterion from concurrent measurements of growth and survivorship to guide our relative RRE, including nursery propagule numbers (stock density). We initially retrieved RRE scores from a database of global restoration efforts to date (n = 246; 52 studies) to evaluate whether and how success commonly varied among coral taxa. We then retrieved RRE scores for Opal Reef using initial growth and survivorship data for six key coral taxa, to demonstrate that RRE scores were high for all taxa predominantly via high survivorship over winter. Repeated RRE scoring in summer is therefore needed to capture the full dynamic range of success where seasonal factors regulating growth versus survivorship differ. We discuss how RRE scoring can be easily adopted across restoration practices globally to standardize and benchmark success, but also as a tool to aid decision-making in optimizing future propagation (and outplanting) efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing return‐on‐effort for coral nursery and outplanting practices to aid restoration of the Great Barrier Reef

Suggett

Camp

Edmondson

et al. 2019

Restoration Ecology

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“…For example, genotype significantly affects natural bleaching rate (Bowden‐Kerby & Carne, ; Drury, Manzello, & Lirman, ; Lohr & Patterson, ; Muller, Bartels, & Baums, ), and post‐bleaching mortality (Grasso, ; Ladd, Shantz, Bartels, & Burkepile, ). A variety of other important parameters are also influenced by coral genotype, including calcification (Enochs et al, ; Kuffner et al, ), disease resistance (Libro & Vollmer, ; Muller et al, ; Vollmer & Kline, ), growth (Bowden‐Kerby & Carne, ; Drury, Manzello, et al, ; Gold & Palumbi, ; Ladd et al, ; Lirman et al, ; Lohr, Bejarano, Lirman, Schopmeyer, & Manfrino, ; Lohr & Patterson, ; O'Donnell, Lohr, Bartels, & Patterson, ), metabolic rate (Cole, Finch, Hintz, Hintz, & Allison, ), photophysiology (D'Croz & Maté, ), skeletal morphology (Bruno & Edmunds, ), and bleaching in wild corals (Thomas & Palumbi, ). These studies are important because they illustrate the natural variation present within populations and that it can be driven by the host, providing the raw material for adaptive change.…”

Section: Fixed Host Effects Contribute To Thermal Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience in reef‐building corals: The ecological and evolutionary importance of the host response to thermal stress

Drury

2020

Molecular Ecology

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Coral reefs are under extreme threat due to a number of stressors, but temperature increases due to changing climate are the most severe. Rising ocean temperatures coupled with local extremes lead to extensive bleaching, where the coral‐algal symbiosis breaks down and corals may die, compromising the structure and function of reefs. Although the symbiotic nature of the coral colony has historically been a focus of research on coral resilience, the host itself is a foundational component in the response to thermal stress. Fixed effects in the coral host set trait baselines through evolutionary processes, acting on many loci of small effect to create mosaics of thermal tolerance across latitudes and individual coral reefs. These genomic differences can be strongly heritable, producing wide variation among clones of different genotypes or families of a specific larval cross. Phenotypic plasticity is overlaid on these baselines and a growing body of knowledge demonstrates the potential for acclimatization of reef‐building corals through a variety of mechanisms that promote resilience and stress tolerance. The long‐term persistence of coral reefs will require many of these mechanisms to adjust to warmer temperatures within a generation, bridging the gap to reproductive events that allow recombination of standing diversity and adaptive change. Business‐as‐usual climate scenarios will probably lead to the loss of some coral populations or species in the future, so the interaction between intragenerational effects and evolutionary pressure is critical for the survival of reefs.

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“…Variability between genotypes has been studied for growth (Larson ; Griffin et al ; Lirman et al ; Lohr & Patterson ), bleaching (Lohr & Patterson ), between sites (Lirman et al ), and disease resistance (Vollmer & Kline ). However, each study concluded that research should be extended past 1 year to determine if these traits span multiple years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype and attachment technique influence the growth and survival of line nursery corals

Goergen

Ostroff

Gilliam

2017

Restoration Ecology

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The Caribbean staghorn coral, Acropora cervicornis, was once a dominant habitat creating coral, but its populations have declined dramatically in recent decades. Numerous restoration efforts now utilize coral gardening techniques to cultivate this species, growing colonies on fixed structures or from line/suspended nurseries. Line nurseries have become increasingly popular because of their small footprint and ease of use, replacing fixed structures in many nurseries. To evaluate the efficacy of the line technique, this study evaluated growth, condition, and survivorship of A. cervicornis nursery colonies of three distinct genotypes grown via two line nursery techniques (suspended and direct line attachment [vertical]). Direct line attachment of nursery colonies resulted in poor survival (43%) and growth (9.5 ± 1.33 cm/year), whereas suspended culture had 100% survival and increased growth (61.1 ± 4.19 cm/year). Suspended culture had significantly reduced disease prevalence and prevented colony predation. Suspended coral growth was also comparable to a neighboring fixed structure nursery (55.2 ± 7.86 cm/year), and found to be as effective in propagating corals as fixed structures.

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Intraspecific variation in phenotype among nursery-reared staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis (Lamarck, 1816)

Cited by 48 publications

References 41 publications

Optimizing return‐on‐effort for coral nursery and outplanting practices to aid restoration of the Great Barrier Reef

Optimizing return‐on‐effort for coral nursery and outplanting practices to aid restoration of the Great Barrier Reef

Resilience in reef‐building corals: The ecological and evolutionary importance of the host response to thermal stress

Genotype and attachment technique influence the growth and survival of line nursery corals

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