Introduction

Preester, Helena De; Knockaert, Veroniek

doi:10.1075/aicr.62.01dep

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Body awareness involves aspects differentially conceptualized by discipline or researcher (Gallagher, 2000 ; de Preester and Knockaert, 2005 ; de Vignemont, 2010 ). In the present work, we refer to the notions of exteroceptive awareness, interoceptive sensitivity, and interoceptive awareness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exteroceptive and Interoceptive Body-Self Awareness in Fibromyalgia Patients

Valenzuela-Moguillansky

Reyes‐Reyes

Gaete

2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Fibromyalgia is a widespread chronic pain disease characterized by generalized musculoskeletal pain and fatigue. It substantially affects patients' relationship with their bodies and quality of life, but few studies have investigated the relationship between pain and body awareness in fibromyalgia. We examined exteroceptive and interoceptive aspects of body awareness in 30 women with fibromyalgia and 29 control participants. Exteroceptive body awareness was assessed by a body-scaled action-anticipation task in which participants estimated whether they could pass through apertures of different widths. Interoceptive sensitivity (IS) was assessed by a heartbeat detection task where participants counted their heartbeats during different time intervals. Interoceptive awareness was assessed by the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA). The “passability ratio” (the aperture size for a 50% positive response rate, divided by shoulder width), assessed by the body-scaled action-anticipation task, was higher for fibromyalgia participants, indicating disrupted exteroceptive awareness. Overestimating body size correlated positively with pain and its impact on functionality, but not with pain intensity. There was no difference in IS between groups. Fibromyalgia patients exhibited a higher tendency to note bodily sensations and decreased body confidence. In addition, the passability ratio and IS score correlated negatively across the whole sample, suggesting an inverse relationship between exteroceptive and interoceptive body awareness. There was a lower tendency to actively listen to the body for insight, with higher passability ratios across the whole sample. Based on our results and building on the fear-avoidance model, we outline a proposal that highlights possible interactions between exteroceptive and interoceptive body awareness and pain. Movement based contemplative practices that target sensory-motor integration and foster non-judgmental reconnection with bodily sensations are suggested to improve body confidence, functionality, and quality of life.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exteroceptive and Interoceptive Body-Self Awareness in Fibromyalgia Patients

Valenzuela-Moguillansky

Reyes‐Reyes

Gaete

2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…However, according to both phenomenology and contemporary embodied cognition theorists, the pragmatic system of sensorimotor relationships with the environment is distinct from the system of conscious awareness and the former is usually functioning without perceptual monitoring or personal control (Gallagher 1986; cf. Ataria, Tanaka, and Gallagher 2021; De Preester and Knockaert 2005). Similarly, Merleau-Ponty (2012, 123) argues that we do not ordinarily move our bodies in explicit acts of deliberation according to preconceived plans (cf.…”

Section: A Phenomenological Critique Of Psychophysical Dualism and It...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Phenomenological physiotherapy: extending the concept of bodily intentionality

Halák

Kříž

2022

Med Humanities

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This study clarifies the need for a renewed account of the body in physiotherapy to fill sizable gaps between physiotherapeutical theory and practice. Physiotherapists are trained to approach bodily functioning from an objectivist perspective; however, their therapeutic interactions with patients are not limited to the provision of natural-scientific explanations. Physiotherapists’ practice corresponds well to theorisation of the body as the bearer of original bodily intentionality, as outlined by Merleau-Ponty and elaborated upon by enactivists. We clarify how physiotherapeutical practice corroborates Merleau-Ponty’s critical arguments against objectivist interpretations of the body; particularly, his analyses demonstrate that norms of optimal corporeal functioning are highly individual and variable in time and thus do not directly depend on generic physiological structures. In practice, objectively measurable physical deviations rarely correspond to specific subjective difficulties and, similarly, patients’ reflective insights into their own motor deficiencies do not necessarily produce meaningful motor improvements. Physiotherapeutical procedures can be understood neither as mechanical manipulations of patients’ machine-like bodies by experts nor as a process of such manipulation by way of instructing patients’ explicit conscious awareness. Rather, physiotherapeutical practice and theory can benefit from the philosophical interpretation of motor disorders as modifications of bodily intentionality. Consequently, motor performances addressed in physiotherapy are interpreted as relational features of a living organism coupled with its environment, and motor disorders are approached as failures to optimally manage the motor requirements of a given situation owing to a relative loss of the capacity to structure one’s relation with their environment through motor action. Building on this, we argue that the process of physiotherapy is most effective when understood as a bodily interaction to guide patients towards discovering better ways of grasping a situation as meaningful through bodily postures and movements.

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“…Successfully interacting with the environment requires the online integration of sensorimotor information concerning one’s own body posture and position (i.e., the body schema) with the events happening and the objects located in the space around the body (PPS) [ 6 , 12 , 69 , 70 ]. The body schema has been defined as a specific type of body representation encoding the current posture of the body and its extension in space, based on the integration of somatic, proprioceptive, and tactile sensory information, implicated in guiding action [ 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 ]. Given the strong functional relation between the body schema and the representation of the space around the body upon which individuals can operate (PPS), the neural resources dedicated to representing the PPS and the body schema are functionally (and anatomically) interconnected (see [ 75 , 76 ] for reviews)…”

Section: Body Representations and The Ppsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, researchers aimed to understand whether the rubber hand illusion (based on multisensory integration) induces a change in the sensorimotor representations of the body (body schema). Kammers and colleagues [ 130 ] showed that the RHI does not affect reaching execution (based on the body schema), suggesting that visuo-tactile-proprioceptive illusions do not translate to alterations in body representations used to move (i.e., the RHI may affect the ‘body image’ but not the ‘body schema’ [ 73 ]). Conversely, a specific effect of tool use on the role of tactile information processing for motor control was studied by Cardinali and colleagues [ 131 ].…”

Section: Incorporating Tools In the Ppsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal Motor Interactions Shape Multisensory Representations of the Peripersonal Space

2021

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This perspective review focuses on the proposal that predictive multisensory integration occurring in one’s peripersonal space (PPS) supports individuals’ ability to efficiently interact with others, and that integrating sensorimotor signals from the interacting partners leads to the emergence of a shared representation of the PPS. To support this proposal, we first introduce the features of body and PPS representations that are relevant for interpersonal motor interactions. Then, we highlight the role of action planning and execution on the dynamic expansion of the PPS. We continue by presenting evidence of PPS modulations after tool use and review studies suggesting that PPS expansions may be accounted for by Bayesian sensory filtering through predictive coding. In the central section, we describe how this conceptual framework can be used to explain the mechanisms through which the PPS may be modulated by the actions of our interaction partner, in order to facilitate interpersonal coordination. Last, we discuss how this proposal may support recent evidence concerning PPS rigidity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and its possible relatioship with ASD individuals’ difficulties during interpersonal coordination. Future studies will need to clarify the mechanisms and neural underpinning of these dynamic, interpersonal modulations of the PPS.

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Introduction

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Exteroceptive and Interoceptive Body-Self Awareness in Fibromyalgia Patients

Exteroceptive and Interoceptive Body-Self Awareness in Fibromyalgia Patients

Phenomenological physiotherapy: extending the concept of bodily intentionality

Interpersonal Motor Interactions Shape Multisensory Representations of the Peripersonal Space

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