Introductory Chapter: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Different Predisposing Factors

Khan, Wahid Ali

doi:10.5772/intechopen.69277

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Further studies on a wider scale and from different centers in Egypt are required. In addition to genetic and ethnic variations, many factors could affect the presentation of SLE patients, including hormonal 42 and environmental 42,43 factors, thus emphasizing the magnitude of complexity of this poorly understood disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus in a sample of the Egyptian population: a retrospective cohort of 1109 patients from a single center

Hadidi

Medhat

Baki

et al. 2018

Lupus

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Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that can vary among different ethnic and racial groups. Objective The objective of this paper is to study the prevalence of various manifestations of SLE in a sample of the Egyptian population. Patients and methods Information in this study was derived from the medical records of SLE patients who sought medical advice at a private clinic in Cairo from January 1980 to June 2016. Results This study included 1109 SLE patients, of whom 114 (10.3%) were males and 995 were females (89.7%). Mean age of onset was 25.89 ± 10.81 years, while the median of disease duration from the onset of the disease till the last recorded visit was 26 months. The most common cumulative manifestations were arthritis (76.7%), malar rash (48.5%), leukopenia (45.7%), and photosensitivity (45.6%). A total of 33.1% of the patients had nephritis, and neuropsychiatric lupus was present in 6.4% of the patients. Secondary antiphospholipid syndrome was present in 11.5% of the patients. Antinuclear antibody and anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid were present in 1060/1094 (96.9%) and 842/1062 (79.3%) of the patients, respectively. Antiphospholipid antibodies were present in 266/636 (41.8%) of the patients, anti-Smith in 54/240 (22.5%), anti-SSA/Ro in 61/229 (20.4%), and anti-SSB/La in 32/277 (11.6%) of the patients. Male patients had a statistically higher prevalence of nephritis ( p = 0.01), whereas arthritis and alopecia were statistically higher in females ( p = 0.012 and p = 0.006, respectively). Patients with juvenile onset had a statistically higher prevalence of nephritis and seizures ( p < 0.001 and p = 0.012, respectively). Conclusions Arthritis and malar rash represented the most common clinical manifestations. Male and juvenile-onset patients had a predilection toward a more severe disease. These results are in agreement with many studies conducted in the Middle East and worldwide. On the other hand, major organ involvement was exceptionally low, which is contradictory to several reports from the Middle East and across the globe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus in a sample of the Egyptian population: a retrospective cohort of 1109 patients from a single center

Hadidi

Medhat

Baki

et al. 2018

Lupus

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“…Another important mechanism is the involvement of the quinone-semiquinone redox cycling of estrogen that produces free radicals which can damage the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This would probably alter the antigenicity of the DNA leading to the induction and increased level of SLE autoantibodies that somehow crossreacting with the native one [25,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of estrogen exposure on systemic lupus erythematosus in Bangladeshi women: a case-control study scenario

Jabeen

Flora

Rahman

2021

JHR

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PurposeThis study was conducted to find out the association between estrogen exposure and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Bangladeshi women.Design/methodology/approachA case-control study was carried out from January to December 2015 among 128 intervention cases and 128 age-matched control group participants to find out the association with estrogen exposure and development of SLE.FindingsCase group participants were five times (OR 5.14, 95% CI 2.14–12.33), three times (OR 3.40, 95% CI 1.25–9.21) and four times (OR 4.00, 95% CI 1.45–11.00) more likely to receive different higher levels of education compared to the control group. Exposure to estrogen showed a positive association with the development of SLE. The case group (12.63 ± 1.61 years) had a lower age at menarche than that of the control group (13.31 ± 1.47 years; p < 0.001) and their proportion (62.6%) of using oral contraceptive pills were more than that of the control group (45.6%; p < 0.01). After controlling the effect of the positively associated variables, SLE patients were found two times (adjusted OR 2.26; 95% CI 1.29–3.95) more likely to use oral contraceptive pills than the control group. The case group was more (adjusted OR 0.771; 95% CI 0.642–0.927) prone to have an earlier age at menarche compared to the control group.Originality/valueThis study identified the association between estrogen exposure and SLE. Contraceptive pills should be used cautiously and both consumers and service providers need to be aware of their effects.

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Introductory Chapter: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Different Predisposing Factors

Cited by 2 publications

References 33 publications

Characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus in a sample of the Egyptian population: a retrospective cohort of 1109 patients from a single center

Characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus in a sample of the Egyptian population: a retrospective cohort of 1109 patients from a single center

Influence of estrogen exposure on systemic lupus erythematosus in Bangladeshi women: a case-control study scenario

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