Inverse Design of Artificial Materials Based Lens Antennas through the Scattering Matrix Method

Abstract

The design of spatially varying lens antennas based on artificial materials is of high interest for their wide range of applicability. In this paper, we propose a novel design procedure relying on an inverse formulation of the scattering matrix method (SMM). Differently from many adopted approaches, which resort to global optimizations or homogenization procedures, the inverse SMM (I-SMM) allows the synthesis of optimal parameters (geometrical and/or electromagnetic) for the inclusions realizing the overall device in a very effective manner. With reference to the 2D TM case, the proposed tool has been successfully assessed through the synthesis of different kinds of lenses radiating a pencil beam.

Air and Metal Vias Combined Metamaterial-Based Lens for Radiation Performance Enhancement of Short-Pulse Tapered Slot Antenna

“…To study the loading effect of the metallic delay lens with different dimensions, simulations with lengths and widths of { (20,25), (25,30), (30,32), (35,34), (35,48)} (unit: mm) were carried out and the results show that the radiation improvement is not the best for cases with too large or too small a lens size. The |S 11 | and realized gain of three typical cases are compared in Figure 5b.…”

“…Diverse approaches have been developed to improve the radiation directivity and increase the gain of the TSA. One method is to load dielectric directors or a lens in front of the antenna aperture in the end-fire direction, such as extending the antenna substrate with various shapes or placing a gradient refractive index lens [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. This method can be used to improve the antenna gain by about 1-9.5 dB, especially at the higher frequencies, with an enlarged configuration.…”

Inverse design of EBG waveguides through scattering matrices

“…Moreover, we can directly search for the parameters actually determining the entries of the matrices if the electromagnetic features of the inclusions are supposed to be of a given kind, namely if we are dealing, for instance, with homogeneous dielectric or metallic inclusions, single layer or stratified inclusions, and so on. In this case, in fact, analytic expressions for the scattering coefficients are available [25].…”

“…Very recently, we have proposed our Inverse SMM (I-SMM) tool in the framework of innovative antennas design. In fact, we have successfully applied it in [25] for the same design problem considered in [21]. Note that in the antenna applications above, the specifications were derived starting from an optimal synthesis of the coefficients of a representation of the scattered and total field, and the pursuing of such a field is then the goal of the inverse scattering step, so that such a field substitute the field measurements which are the usual data of inverse scattering for reconstruction problems.…”

Multi-Plane Magnetic Near-Field Data Inversion Using the Source Reconstruction Method

“…More recently, the electromagnetic inverse scattering framework has been used for design applications [9,22,[80][81][82][143][144][145]. In such problems, the purpose is to design a dielectric profile that is capable of transforming the incident field of a feed antenna into a desired field.…”