Inverse heat transfer analysis of Bridgman crystal growth

Freeze casting – A review of processing, microstructure and properties via the open data repository, FreezeCasting.net

“…However, imposed and actual velocity are not necessarily analogous, especially at high imposed velocities and when solidifying larger samples [437,441]. More importantly, the technique likely introduces a radial temperature gradient [442][443][444], thus in most cases, the thermal gradient is "bidirectional" vs. "unidirectional". Indeed, radial heterogeneity has been observed using the immersion technique [436,437,445], and the technique has been purposely employed to achieve radial microstructures [446,447].…”

In-situ temperature field measurements and direct observation of crystal/melt at vertical Bridgman growth of lead chloride under stationary and dynamic arrangement

“…And leads to the melting at the interface and its shift down in the ampoule, as reported by Taghavi et al [18]. Similarly, this effect is behind the shape change of isotherms 500 1C, which are slightly convex for the isotherm 500 1C (1p, 3 mm/h), slightly concave for the isotherm 500 1C (2p, 3 mm/h), and concave into the melt for the isotherm 500 1C (3p, 3 mm/h).…”

“…In Fig. 2, the C f of the interface correspond to a significant edge (asymmetry [18]) in the 17 K/cm temperature gradient, which may cause inequality in the heat transport in vertical and radial directions resulting in the deformation of the isotherm 500 1C.…”

“…5a and c), respectively, and their shape near the crystal/melt interface was different from those curves measured under stationary conditions. Description of the shape of the crystal/melt interface and its position was determined by the isotherm equal to the melting point [6,18] of model compound (i.e. 500 1C for PbCl 2 ).…”