Inversion polymorphisms in natural populations of <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>

Mahmood, Farida; Sakai, Richard K.

doi:10.1139/g84-086

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Chromosome arm 3R shows the sections 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 33, and 34, which were subdivided into 3, 3, 4, 3, 3, 3, and 3 subsections, respectively. In the chromosome arm 3L, sections 36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43, and 44 were subdivided into 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, and 3 subsections, respectively. Other sections in which not all chromosome arms were modified, the number of subdivisions was maintained according to the reference map.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salivary Polytene Chromosome Map of Anopheles darlingi, the Main Vector of Neotropical Malaria

Rafael

Rohde²,

Bridi³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. New photomap of Anopheles ( Nyssorhynchus ) darlingi Root, 1926, is described for a population from Guajará-Mirim, State of Rondonia, Brazil. The number of sections in the previous A. darlingi reference map was maintained and new subsections were added to the five chromosome arms. Breakage points of paracentric inversions had been previously incorporated into the photomap of this species. An additional inversion is reported, called 3Lc, totaling 14 inversions in the A. darlingi chromosome arms. The proposed photomap is potentially useful for further evolutionary studies in addition to physical and in silico chromosome mapping using A. darlingi genomic and transcriptome sequences. Furthermore, in our attempt to compare sections of the 2R chromosome arm of A. darlingi with Anopheles funestus , Anopheles stephensi , and Anopheles gambiae , we found great differences in the arrangement of the polytene chromosome bands, which are consistent with the known phylogenetic divergence of these species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this latter mosquito, genetic studies indicated chromosomal positions for the breakpoints of the 19 paracentric inversions. 28,42,43 In addition, polymorphic inversions are not distributed evenly across the A. stephensi genome. More than two-thirds of them are distributed among two arms, such as five inversions are on 2R and nine on 3L.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Polytene Chromosome Map of Anopheles darlingi, the Main Vector of Neotropical Malaria

Rafael

Rohde²,

Bridi³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Chromosomal studies of the Asian malaria vector An. stephensi reveal striking differences in the kinds and frequencies of paracentric inversions on 2R and 3L between rural and urban populations, especially with respect to the common 2Rb inversion [16]. These observations suggest that the genes on the 2R and 2L arms of An.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, chromosome arms 3R and 3L of An. gambiae and homologous arms in other mosquito species have the lowest rates of inversion polymorphism and fixation [11,13,16,18]. The low tolerance of a chromosome to gene order disruption could contribute to the low rate of inversion establishment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arm-specific dynamics of chromosome evolution in malaria mosquitoes

et al. 2011

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BackgroundThe malaria mosquito species of subgenus Cellia have rich inversion polymorphisms that correlate with environmental variables. Polymorphic inversions tend to cluster on the chromosomal arms 2R and 2L but not on X, 3R and 3L in Anopheles gambiae and homologous arms in other species. However, it is unknown whether polymorphic inversions on homologous chromosomal arms of distantly related species from subgenus Cellia nonrandomly share similar sets of genes. It is also unclear if the evolutionary breakage of inversion-poor chromosomal arms is under constraints.ResultsTo gain a better understanding of the arm-specific differences in the rates of genome rearrangements, we compared gene orders and established syntenic relationships among Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles funestus, and Anopheles stephensi. We provided evidence that polymorphic inversions on the 2R arms in these three species nonrandomly captured similar sets of genes. This nonrandom distribution of genes was not only a result of preservation of ancestral gene order but also an outcome of extensive reshuffling of gene orders that created new combinations of homologous genes within independently originated polymorphic inversions. The statistical analysis of distribution of conserved gene orders demonstrated that the autosomal arms differ in their tolerance to generating evolutionary breakpoints. The fastest evolving 2R autosomal arm was enriched with gene blocks conserved between only a pair of species. In contrast, all identified syntenic blocks were preserved on the slowly evolving 3R arm of An. gambiae and on the homologous arms of An. funestus and An. stephensi.ConclusionsOur results suggest that natural selection favors specific gene combinations within polymorphic inversions when distant species are exposed to similar environmental pressures. This knowledge could be useful for the discovery of genes responsible for an association of inversion polymorphisms with phenotypic variations in multiple species. Our data support the chromosomal arm specificity in rates of gene order disruption during mosquito evolution. We conclude that the distribution of breakpoint regions is evolutionary conserved on slowly evolving arms and tends to be lineage-specific on rapidly evolving arms.

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“…The variety mysorensis and type forms can also be discriminated at adult stage based on their thoracic spiracle length and its index (Nagpal et al 2003). All three forms can also be differentiated through types and frequencies of paracentric inversions (Coluzzi et al 1973;Mahmood and Sakai 1984;Subbarao et al 1987). Despite cytotaxonomic differences, cross-mating experiments between these forms failed to establish them as cryptic species and, thus, they are best considered as local population variants (Davidson and Jackson 1961;Rutledge et al 1970;Subbarao et al 1987;Sweet et al 1938).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The type and mysorensis forms of the Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) in India exhibit identical ribosomal DNA ITS2 and domain-3 sequences

et al. 2008

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Anopheles (Cellia) stephensi Liston 1901 is one of the major malaria vectors in the Indian subcontinent, Iran, and the Middle East. Three races in this species, namely A. stephensi stephensi (type form), A. stephensi variety mysorensis, and A. stephensi intermediate form, have earlier been reported by several investigators. We describe here the sequencing of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and domain-3 (D3) loci of the A. stephensi type and variety mysorensis forms. We also sequenced field-collected adult specimens of this mosquito from three different regions of India. Both forms of A. stephensi showed identical ITS2 and D3 sequences. We did not find any intraspecies sequence variation among the 70 specimens sequenced in this study. In contrast to the eight ITS2 haplotypes observed among Iranian A. stephensi population, we found only one ITS2 haplotype in India. This is the first time to our knowledge that the sequence of the D3 locus of A. stephensi is being reported here. In conclusion, the type and variety mysorensis forms of A. stephensi exhibit identical nucleotide sequences at their ITS2 and D3 loci.

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Inversion polymorphisms in natural populations of Anopheles stephensi

Cited by 39 publications

References 2 publications

Salivary Polytene Chromosome Map of Anopheles darlingi, the Main Vector of Neotropical Malaria

Salivary Polytene Chromosome Map of Anopheles darlingi, the Main Vector of Neotropical Malaria

Arm-specific dynamics of chromosome evolution in malaria mosquitoes

The type and mysorensis forms of the Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) in India exhibit identical ribosomal DNA ITS2 and domain-3 sequences

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