Invertebrate predators and fish: biogeographic patterns and fish dispersal of resting eggs

Kerfoot, W. Charles; McNaught, Andrew S; Jarnagin, S. Taylor

doi:10.1080/03680770.1998.11901559

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Mean parthenogenetic brood size showed evidence for midsummer food limitation as values declined in August while the percentage of third instars bearing empty broods increased. Empty brood pouches of thirdinstar Bythotrephes suggest resource limitation (Lehman 1988) because brood size is usually correlated with food supply (Kerfoot 1974;DeMott and Kerfoot 1982;Tessier and Goulden 1982). During this interval, there was also an increased incidence of young in the brood pouches of second-instar individuals, an instar normally not reproductive.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percentage of undamaged spines was even lower in dissected yellow perch guts from the field (4%; 72 of 1,555 spines, 43 guts). Gut passage tended to fold and break spines, in addition to shearing off lateral barbs, a type of damage that was unmistakable and in contrast to the condition of intact spines derived from uningested individuals that settled into traps (Jarnagin 1998;Kerfoot et al 2000). The spines from advanced instars (second, third) suffered greater damage than the smaller, simpler spines from first instars (Jarnagin 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zooplankton life cycles: Direct documentation of pelagic births and deaths relative to diapausing egg production

Jarnagin

Kerfoot

Swan

2004

Limnology & Oceanography

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Zooplankton demographics operate over multiple time scales corresponding to pelagic parthenogenetic generations, an overwintering stage, and an ''egg bank.'' Comparisons of pelagic birth and death rates with seasonal diapausing egg production provide insights into local species persistence. The spiny cladoceran (Bythotrephes) possesses morphological adaptations (spines and thick-walled diapausing eggs) that lessen, but do not eliminate, predation effects by fish. Because caudal spines are retained throughout life and are indigestible in fish guts, spine accumulation in sediment traps directly documents patterns of seasonal mortality. Here, we contrast deposition of spines and diapausing eggs in a recently colonized inland lake (Lake Michigamme) with deposition in a larger source lake (Lake Michigan). Direct mortality estimates at the inland lake correspond well with traditional indirect estimates from egg ratio techniques. Although spines are effective against abundant small fish in the inland lake, individuals are susceptible to ingestion by late-season young of year and larger fish. Laboratory experiments confirm that fish are responsible for spine breakage in the water column, accounting for an estimated 62-71% of seasonal mortality. Effects of late-season predation are lessened because diapausing eggs survive gut passage, yet yearly production of diapausing eggs is low in Lake Michigamme. A more balanced pelagic birth(death) to diapausing egg relationship exists in Lake Michigan, probably because egg-carrying adults find better refuge in central, deeper waters. Since spines catch on seines and diapausing eggs survive gut passage, use of bait fish and live wells promotes Bythotrephes dispersal.Zooplankton studies in lakes traditionally concentrate on seasonal pelagic dynamics of local populations (N p ; Fig. 1). Yearly population growth is treated as the consequence of a dynamic balance between instantaneous birth (b) and death (d) rates (r ϭ b Ϫ d). Netting of plankton allows seasonal estimates of brood sizes and population density. Temperature-dependent regressions for developmental duration convert egg ratio measures into instantaneous birth rates (b), whereas changes in pelagic population size allow independent estimates of the realized population growth rate (r). The difference between the instantaneous birth rate and the re-1

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zooplankton life cycles: Direct documentation of pelagic births and deaths relative to diapausing egg production

Jarnagin

Kerfoot

Swan

2004

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Much of the available inland small lake information comes from Harp Lake, Ontario (Yan and Pawson 1997) and Lake Michigamme, Upper Peninsula of Michigan (Jarnagin 1998;Jarnagin et al 2000Jarnagin et al , 2004. In both lakes during the daytime, workers postulated that egg-carrying adult Bythotrephes sought shelter in epilimnetic strata between the bottom of the photic zone and the top of the hypolimnion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second mechanism, recreational boating transfer, incorporates viable passage of Bythotrephes' diapausing eggs through fish's Fig. 1 guts (Jarnagin et al 2000;Kerfoot et al 2000Kerfoot et al , 2009. Although very fish size-specific, enormous numbers of Bythotrephes' diapausing eggs seem ingested by fish each year and spread around lakes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet poor boat practices and use of baitfish opens potential dispersal between lakes. We argue that recreational fishing activity is the primary vector of inland geographic spread, through: (1) the use of live wells and bait fish (Jarnagin et al 2000;Compton and Kerfoot 2004) and (2) the transfer of Bythotrephes snagged onto fishing lines, anchor ropes, nets, or seines. If the primary vector is recreational fishing, we emphasize that spread can be reduced through a series of relatively simple protective measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature, recreational fishing and diapause egg connections: dispersal of spiny water fleas (Bythotrephes longimanus)

et al. 2011

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The spiny water flea (Bythotrephes longimanus) is spreading from Great Lakes coastal waters into northern inland lakes within a northern temperature-defined latitudinal band. Colonization of Great Lakes coastal embayments is assisted by winds and seiche surges, yet rapid inland expansion across the northern states comes through an overland process. The lack of invasions at Isle Royale National Park contrasts with rapid expansion on the nearby Keweenaw Peninsula. Both regions have comparable geology, lake density, and fauna, but differ in recreational fishing boat access, visitation, and containment measures. Tail spines protect Bythotrephes against young of the year, but not larger fish, yet the unusual thick-shelled diapausing eggs can pass through fish guts in viable condition. Sediment traps illustrate how fish spread diapausing eggs across lakes in fecal pellets. Trillions of diapausing eggs are produced per year in Lake Michigan and billions per year in Lake Michigamme, a large inland lake. Dispersal by recreational fishing is linked to use of baitfish, diapausing eggs defecated into live wells and bait buckets, and Bythothephes snagged on fishing line, anchor ropes, and minnow seines. Relatively simple measures, such as on-site rinsing of live wells, restricting transfer of certain baitfish species, or holding baitfish for 24 h (defecation period), should greatly reduce dispersal.

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A plague of waterfleas (Bythotrephes): impacts on microcrustacean community structure, seasonal biomass, and secondary production in a large inland-lake complex

et al. 2016

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The spiny cladoceran (Bythotrephes longimanus) is an invasive, predaceous zooplankter that is expanding from Great Lakes coastal waters into inland lakes within a northern latitudinal band. In a large, Boundary Water lake complex (largely within Voyageurs National Park), we use two comparisons, a 2-year spatial and a 12-year temporal, to quantify seasonal impacts on food webs and biomass, plus a preliminary calculation of secondary production decline. Bythotrephes alters the seasonal biomass pattern by severely depressing microcrustaceans during summer and early fall, when the predator is most abundant. Cladoceran and cyclopoid copepods suffer the most serious population declines, although the resistant cladoceran Holopedium is favored in spatial comparisons. Microcrustacean biomass is reduced 40-60 % and secondary production declines by about 67 %. The microcrustacean community shifts towards calanoid copepods. The decline in secondary production is due both to summer biomass loss and to the longer generation times of calanoid copepods (slower turnover). The Bythotrephes ''top-down'' perturbation appears to hold across small, intermediate, and largesized lakes (i.e. appears scale-independent), and is pronounced when Bythotrephes densities reach 20-40 individuals L -1 . Induction tests with small cladocerans (Bosmina) suggest that certain native prey populations do not sense the exotic predator and are ''blindsided''. Failure of prey to deploy defenses could explain the disproportionate community impacts in New World versus Old World lakes.

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Invertebrate predators and fish: biogeographic patterns and fish dispersal of resting eggs

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Zooplankton life cycles: Direct documentation of pelagic births and deaths relative to diapausing egg production

Zooplankton life cycles: Direct documentation of pelagic births and deaths relative to diapausing egg production

Temperature, recreational fishing and diapause egg connections: dispersal of spiny water fleas (Bythotrephes longimanus)

A plague of waterfleas (Bythotrephes): impacts on microcrustacean community structure, seasonal biomass, and secondary production in a large inland-lake complex

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