Investicijos į žmogiškąjį kapitalą ir jų efektyvumas

Abstract

Straipsnyje analizuojama privati ir visuomeninė investicijų į žmogiškąjį kapitalą nauda ir kaštai, aptariami juos lemiantys veiksniai. Remiantis pateiktu investicijų į žmogiškąjį kapitalą kaštų ir naudos modeliu apskaičiuoti tokie pagrindiniai investicijų efektyvumo rodikliai: 1) privati universitetinių ir neuniversitetinių aukštojo mokslo studijų išsilavinimo pajamų norma, 2) visuomeninė pajamų norma. Autorių apskaičiuoti išsilavinimo pajamų normų rodikliai palyginami su analogiškais kitų išsivysčiusių šalių (EBPO) rodikliais.

The Need and the Possibilities of the Human Capital Development: Assessment of Employers and Graduates of Higher Education Institutions

“…"In a functional -targeted approach -human capital -a certain reserve of health, knowledge, skills, capacities and motivation shaped and accumulated with the help of investment which while deliberately used in one or another sphere of public reproduction encourage thelabour productivity and the growth of production efficiency, and wage growth (income growth) at the same time" (Дятлов, 1996). This is confirmed by the concept of human capital theory, according to which "the human capital theorythe theory, according to which the capacities of employees or group of employees to achieve the best results leads to the growth of wage" (Дятлов, 1996(Дятлов, , Schultz, 1998Stancikas, 2001;Šileika, Tamašauskienė, 2003).…”

“…Various definitions of the human capital concept are provided in economic literature (Becker, 1985;Concepts and Terms of Labour Market, 1999;Sutherland, 1999;Менкью, 1999;Stancikas, 2000;Šileika, Tamašauskienė, 2003;Polkovnichenko, 2003;Matiušaitytė, 2005).…”

“…Definitions of human capital often focus on the knowledge, capacities, skills, education, qualification. (Briton, 1995;Adamonienė, 2002;Šileika, Tamašauskienė, 2003, Lazear, 2003Doepke, 2008). Sociological research of employers carried out by the Institute of labour and Social research in various regions of the country since 1997 shows the growing importance of employees' personal qualities in the qualification structure.…”

“…According to the authors (Schultz, 1998;Aghios, 2008), investment in higher education leads to the formation of highly qualified professionals. The efficient work of highly qualified professionals is the most important factor of economic growth (Stancikas, 2001; Šileika, Tamašauskienė, 2003;Aghios, 2008). In accordance with the opinions of the authors mentioned above, it should be added that investment in human capital plays a crucial role in the contemporary society, since it is a prerequisite for people's integration into the labour market and at the same time career development, income and social development ( Fig.…”

Evaluation of Return to Investment in Human Capital in Lithuania in the Context of Other Countries

“…Despite the fact, that the rate of return to human capital (education) has been widely studied in the world since the late 1950s and even though hundreds of papers have studied this issue in various countries at different time periods and with alternative estimation methods, studies concerning Lithuania's case remain limited. Only few authors (Sileika & Tamasauskiene, 2003;Tamasauskiene & Damasiene, 2004;Palumickaite & Kleiviene, 2005;Giziene, 2011;Giziene et al, 2012) -can be named, that have calculated the return to investment in human capital (education) in their works.…”