Investigating Determinants Influencing Contraceptive Adoption Among Third-Year Medical Students: A Study at KIU-WC Bushenyi District, Western Uganda

Abstract

This study assessed the prevalence and factors influencing contraceptive usage among 377 third-year medical students through a descriptive cross-sectional approach. Utilizing qualitative and quantitative data analyzed via SPSS, findings revealed compelling insights. Of the sampled students, 78.5% were sexually active, with 58.7% utilizing contraceptives while 38.0% did not. Most (73.1%) were unmarried, while 25.7% were married. Regarding contraceptive knowledge, 94% were aware, with 81.7% knowing how to use and 91.1% aware of access points. Information sources varied: 44.3% from school, 35.4% from healthcare providers, and 10.6% from media. While 52.3% knew about conception timing, barriers to optimal knowledge persisted, notably concerning emergency and rhythm methods. Despite a positive attitude towards contraceptive use (95.7% believing it necessary), nuances emerged. For instance, 54.3% agreed on male involvement in contraceptive decisions, while 42.0% disagreed. The study highlights the prevailing 58.7% contraceptive prevalence among thirdyear medical students, showcasing reasonable awareness and positive attitudes. However, gaps in knowledge, especially regarding specific methods, persist, alongside barriers related to efficacy, side effects, and misconceptions about sexual activity. Addressing these gaps could enhance comprehensive understanding and promote informed contraceptive choices among this demographic. Keywords: Contraceptive use, Third-year Medical Students, Contraceptive methods, Sexual intercourse, Side effects of the methods.