Investigating interactions between epicardial adipose tissue and cardiac myocytes: what can we learn from different approaches?

Abstract

Heart disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Some cardiovascular conditions can be modulated by lifestyle factors such as increased exercise or a healthier diet, but many require surgical or pharmacological interventions for their management. More targeted and less invasive therapies would be beneficial. Recently it has become apparent that epicardial adipose tissue plays an important role in normal and pathological cardiac function, and it is now the focus of considerable research. Epicardial adipose tissue can be studied by imaging of various kinds, and these approaches have yielded much useful information. However at a molecular level it is more difficult to study as it is relatively scarce in animal models and, for practical and ethical reasons, not always available in sufficient quantities from patients. What is needed is a robust model system in which the interactions between epicardial adipocytes and cardiac myocytes can be studied, and physiologically relevant manipulations performed. There are drawbacks to conventional culture methods, not least the difficulty of culturing both cardiac myocytes and adipocytes, each of which has special requirements. We discuss the benefits of a three-dimensional coculture model in which in vivo interactions can be replicated. EAT and cardiac myocytesThis article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Peran Lemak Epikardial Pada Penyakit Jantung Koroner Stabil

“…Jaringan lemak epikardial adalah bagian dari jaringan lemak viseral yang berlokasi antara perikardium viseral dan miokardium, menyelimuti sekitar 80% permukaan jantung dan merupakan 20% dari total berat jantung (gambar 1). 4,5 Gambar 1 Sketsa posisi lemak epikardial dan perikardial (Rietdorf K et al) 7 Selain lemak epikardial, ada terminologi lain lemak yang berada disekitar jantung (table 1). Perbedaan antara lemak epikardial dan lemak perikardial penting untuk diketahui.…”

The Role of Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 and Galectin-3 in Formation of the Left Atrium Fibrosis in Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation and Metabolic Syndrome

“…Эпикардиальная жировая ткань -классическая висцеральная жировая ткань, имеющая происхождение из спланхноплевральной мезодермы, как мезентериальный жир и жир сальника. Эпикардиальная жировая ткань плотно прилежит к миокарду и имеет одинаковое кровоснабжение с миокардом через систему коронарных артерий [14]. Существует точка зрения, что эпикардиальная жировая ткань, измеренная с помощью МРТ, в большей степени отражает выраженность висцерального ожирения, чем ОТ [15].…”

The adipose-neural axis is critically involved in cardiac arrhythmias

“…However, we lack direct evidence supporting the proarrhythmic properties of EAT, sympathetic neurons, and/or the interaction between them. This reflects a lack of appropriate human disease models and the difficulty of obtaining human cardiac tissue and/or propagating heart samples, sympathetic neurons, and primary adipocytes in culture 10 . Recently, stem cell technology has come to represent a powerful tool for developmental biology research, drug discovery, and the in vitro modeling of human disease.…”