Investigating the transport dynamics and the properties of bedload material with a hydro‐acoustic measuring system

Krein, Andréas; Klinck, Holger; Eiden, Michael; Symader, W.; Bierl, Reinhard; Hoffmann, Lucien; Pfister, Laurent

doi:10.1002/esp.1576

Cited by 41 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The existence of a link between the GSD and the features of vibrational signals has been demonstrated in several experiments (Belleudy et al, 2010;Bogen and Møen, 2001;Krein et al, 2008;Turowski et al, 2011). Coupling geophones with steel plates (Barrière et al, 2015;Wyss et al, 2016a) produced composite power laws by linking both peak amplitude and peak frequency to the grain size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Passive acoustic measurement of bedload grain size distribution using self-generated noise

Petrut¹,

Geay²,

Gervaise³

et al. 2018

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Monitoring sediment transport processes in rivers is of particular interest to engineers and scientists to assess the stability of rivers and hydraulic structures. Various methods for sediment transport process description were proposed using conventional or surrogate measurement techniques. This paper addresses the topic of the passive acoustic monitoring of bedload transport in rivers and especially the estimation of the bedload grain size distribution from self-generated noise. It discusses the feasibility of linking the acoustic signal spectrum shape to bedload grain sizes involved in elastic impacts with the river bed treated as a massive slab. Bedload grain size distribution is estimated by a regularized algebraic inversion scheme fed with the power spectrum density of river noise estimated from one hydrophone. The inversion methodology relies upon a physical model that predicts the acoustic field generated by the collision between rigid bodies. Here we proposed an analytic model of the acoustic energy spectrum generated by the impacts between a sphere and a slab. The proposed model computes the power spectral density of bedload noise using a linear system of analytic energy spectra weighted by the grain size distribution. The algebraic system of equations is then solved by least square optimization and solution regularization methods. The result of inversion leads directly to the estimation of the bedload grain size distribution. The inversion method was applied to real acoustic data from passive acoustics experiments realized on the Isère River, in France. The inversion of in situ measured spectra reveals good estimations of grain size distribution, fairly close to what was estimated by physical sampling instruments. These results illustrate the potential of the hydrophone technique to be used as a standalone method that could ensure high spatial and temporal resolution measurements for sediment transport in rivers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Passive acoustic measurement of bedload grain size distribution using self-generated noise

Petrut¹,

Geay²,

Gervaise³

et al. 2018

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Furthermore, in systems controlled by fluvial activity we can use linear models identified by the M5′ algorithm to assess information on particle sizes and particle shapes that are being transported. Preliminary investigations in the local Moselle River (23,777 km 2 ) have shown a tendency that coarse and angular bedload materials are transported during the rising limb of the flood wave and round and/or smaller bedload particles are transported during the falling limb (Krein et al 2008).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of storm-driven suspended sediments in a headwater catchment described by multivariable modeling

Onderka

Krein²,

Wrede

et al. 2012

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Previous research has shown that the rate at which suspended sediment is transported in watercourses depends primarily on discharge (Q) as the first-order control, but additional factors are thought to affect suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) as well. Among these, antecedent hydrological and meteorological conditions (e.g., rainfall depth and intensity, discharge prior to a runoff event and the duration of runoff events) may represent significant transport controlling mechanisms. Univariate models using Q-SSC rating curves often produce large scatter and nonlinearity, because many of the hydrological and biotic processes affecting the dynamics of sediment are non-linear and exhibit threshold behavior. The simulation of such highly non-linear processes is therefore an elusive task requiring consideration of several interrelated controlling variables. The aim of this study was to identify the major hydrological and meteorological controls determining the dynamics of SSC during storm-runoff events and the magnitude of SSC in a headwater catchment in Luxembourg. Materials and methods A parsimonious data-driven model (M5′ modular trees) was used to simulate SSC in response to the identified controlling variables. Antecedent hydrometeorological variables (e.g., antecedent precipitation depths, antecedent precipitation indices, and a suit of hydrological data) were used as input variables. Results and discussion Twenty-four-hour antecedent runoff volumes were determined as the major control explaining sediment depletion effects during high-flow periods, and a gradual decline of SSC as a runoff event progresses. The modeling results obtained by M5′ trees were then compared to conventional power-law rating curves. The M5′ model outperformed the rating-curve by being successful in describing the shape and magnitude of the analyzed sedigraphs. Therefore, we propose that incorporating antecedent hydrometeorological data into SSC prediction models may strongly enhance the accuracy of export coefficients. Two splitting criteria identified by the M5′ model tree (Q and antecedent runoff volume) were found and are discussed as possible thresholds responsible for the greatest nonlinearity in the Q-SSC relationship. Conclusions Our study highlights the dominant antecedent hydro-meteorological conditions acting as the major controls on the magnitude of SSC during episodic events in the headwater Huewelerbach catchment in Luxembourg. For future application, it would be interesting to extend and test the data-mining approach presented in this paper to other catchments, where other controls on sediment transport may be identified.

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“…Thus, impulse counts are a reliable measurement of acoustic energy transmitted to the bed, and the scatter of impulse counts in the Pitzbach measurements is due to a variation of the energy transmitted to the bed rather than to the variation of impulse counts at a given energy. The number and distribution of impulses for a single particle passing the sensor plate transported as bedload by the flow is a function of particle weight and shape (Etter, 1996;Krein et al, 2008). There is a natural scatter in the data for a single particle in repeated experiments under the same conditions.…”

Section: Experiments On the Origin Of Scattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Tools and cover effects in bedload transport observations in the Pitzbach, Austria

Turowski¹,

Rickenmann²

2008

Earth Surf Processes Landf

101

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We report bedload data and acoustic impulse measurements due to particle impact from the Pitzbach in Austria. Impulse counts can be viewed as a measure of the energy delivered to the bed by moving particles. Impulse counts show a large scatter even for the same discharge and bedload supply. This scatter is due to varying grain size distribution, grain shape, mode of transport of the sediment particles and spatial and temporal distribution of the sediment load. The mean impulse count at given hydraulic conditions may increase or decrease with increasing sediment supply, suggesting that both tools and cover effects are active on the channel bed. Dependent on the local balance between sediment supply and transport capacity, either effect may be dominant at different locations along the cross-section at the same time. Furthermore, the same bed location may respond to increasing sediment supply as tools-dominated at some discharges and cover-dominated at other discharges. Our observations may have implications for modelling of bedrock erosion in landscape evolution models and of bedrock channel morphology. Erosion models that do not incorporate both tools and cover effects are not sufficient to describe observations. Furthermore, a local erosion law cannot in general be used to describe erosion averaged over the channel cross-section. The changing balance between sediment supply and transport capacity with increasing discharge highlights that a single representative discharge is not sufficient to capture the full erosion dynamics.

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Investigating the transport dynamics and the properties of bedload material with a hydro‐acoustic measuring system

Cited by 41 publications

References 7 publications

Passive acoustic measurement of bedload grain size distribution using self-generated noise

Passive acoustic measurement of bedload grain size distribution using self-generated noise

Dynamics of storm-driven suspended sediments in a headwater catchment described by multivariable modeling

Tools and cover effects in bedload transport observations in the Pitzbach, Austria

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