Investigation of Oceanic Environment Using Large-Scale UWSN and UANETs

Srinivas, Swarnalatha; Ranjitha, P.; Ramya, R.; Narendra, G.

doi:10.1109/wicom.2012.6478552

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…AUVs were used to observe the manganese crust on the seabed at Katayama sea-mount and detailed three-dimensional seabed images were taken by the AUVs for investigation. An underwater monitoring system was proposed in [283] which combines ROVs and AUVs to discover the underwater mineral resources. Large and deep scale areas can be scanned using this system for oceans exploration.…”

Section: ) Ocean Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underwater optical wireless communications, networking, and localization: A survey

et al. 2019

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Underwater wireless communications can be carried out through acoustic, radio frequency (RF), and optical waves. Compared to its bandwidth limited acoustic and RF counterparts, underwater optical wireless communications (UOWCs) can support higher data rates at low latency levels. However, severe aquatic channel conditions (e.g., absorption, scattering, turbulence, etc.) pose great challenges for UOWCs and significantly reduce the attainable communication ranges, which necessitates efficient networking and localization solutions. Therefore, we provide a comprehensive survey on the challenges, advances, and prospects of underwater optical wireless networks (UOWNs) from a layer by layer perspective which includes: 1) Potential network architectures; 2) Physical layer issues including propagation characteristics, channel modeling, and modulation techniques 3) Data link layer problems covering link configurations, link budgets, performance metrics, and multiple access schemes; 4) Network layer topics containing relaying techniques and potential routing algorithms; 5) Transport layer subjects such as connectivity, reliability, flow and congestion control; 6) Application layer goals and state-of-the-art UOWN applications, and 7) Localization and its impacts on UOWN layers. Finally, we outline the open research challenges and point out the future directions for underwater optical wireless communications, networking, and localization research.

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Section: ) Ocean Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underwater optical wireless communications, networking, and localization: A survey

et al. 2019

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“…In the last decade, researchers have presented numerous practical and potential IoUT applications [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. We classify the applications into five types: (1) environmental monitoring; (2) underwater exploration; (3) disaster prevention; (4) military; and (5) others ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using UWSN technologies, IoUT can also be applied to tracking of fishes [ 13 ]. Moreover, underwater natural-resource discovery, such as minerals [ 17 ], metals, corals, and coral reefs [ 18 ], can all benefit from the infrastructure of UWSNs as well. Davis and Chang present an overview of UWSNs in [ 13 ].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Study on the Internet of Underwater Things: Applications, Challenges, and Channel Models

Kao

Lin

et al. 2017

Sensors

229

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The Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) is a novel class of Internet of Things (IoT), and is defined as the network of smart interconnected underwater objects. IoUT is expected to enable various practical applications, such as environmental monitoring, underwater exploration, and disaster prevention. With these applications, IoUT is regarded as one of the potential technologies toward developing smart cities. To support the concept of IoUT, Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) have emerged as a promising network system. UWSNs are different from the traditional Territorial Wireless Sensor Networks (TWSNs), and have several unique properties, such as long propagation delay, narrow bandwidth, and low reliability. These unique properties would be great challenges for IoUT. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive study of IoUT, and the main contributions of this paper are threefold: (1) we introduce and classify the practical underwater applications that can highlight the importance of IoUT; (2) we point out the differences between UWSNs and traditional TWSNs, and these differences are the main challenges for IoUT; and (3) we investigate and evaluate the channel models, which are the technical core for designing reliable communication protocols on IoUT.

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“…Nowadays, Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are attracting more attentions from academia and industry because of their broad application fields such as environmental monitoring, disasters prevention, auxiliary navigation, resource exploration and so on [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. UWSN is composed of the base station, sink nodes and ordinary sensor nodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Energy Efficient Routing Protocol Based on Layers and Unequal Clusters in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Fang

Wei

2018

Journal of Sensors

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Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) have drawn tremendous attentions from all fields because of their wide application. Underwater wireless sensor networks are similar to terrestrial Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), however, due to different working environment and communication medium, UWSNs have many unique characteristics such as high bit error rate, long end-to-end delay and low bandwidth. These characteristics of UWSNs lead to many problems such as retransmission, high energy consumption and low reliability. To solve these problems, many routing protocols for UWSNs are proposed. In this paper, a localization-free routing protocol, named energy efficient routing protocol based on layers and unequal clusters (EERBLC) is proposed. EERBLC protocol consists of three phases: layer and unequal cluster formation, transmission routing, maintenance and update of clusters. In the first phase, the monitoring area under the water is divided into layers, the nodes in the same layer are clustered. For balancing energy of the whole network and avoiding the “hotspot” problem, a novel unequal clustering method based on layers for UWSNs is proposed, in which a new calculation method of unequal cluster size is presented. Meanwhile, a new cluster head selection mechanism based on energy balance and degree is given. In the transmission phase, EERBLC protocol proposes a novel next forwarder selection method based on the forwarding ratio and the residual energy. In the third phase, Intra and inter cluster updating method is presented. The simulation results show that the EERBLC can effectively balance the energy consumption, prolong the network lifetime, and increase the amount of data transmission compared with DBR and EEDBR protocols.

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Investigation of Oceanic Environment Using Large-Scale UWSN and UANETs

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

Underwater optical wireless communications, networking, and localization: A survey

Underwater optical wireless communications, networking, and localization: A survey

A Comprehensive Study on the Internet of Underwater Things: Applications, Challenges, and Channel Models

An Energy Efficient Routing Protocol Based on Layers and Unequal Clusters in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

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