Investigation on drying kinetics and tribocharging behaviour of pharmaceutical granules in a fluidized bed dryer

Quality aspects in the development of pelletized dosage forms

“…The most preferable processing can be done at temperature above the M.P. of semi-crystalline polymers or [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 ] °C above the glass transition temperature Tg of amorphous polymers, but below the M. P. of the crystalline API [ 80 , 81 ].…”

“…Pellets dried over a fluidized bed dryer are more elastic and possess a smoother surface as compared to pellets dried over a tray dryer. However, these pellets possess less mechanical strength and exhibit slow dissolution rates [ 88 ]. The drying temperature also affects the pellet size.…”

Experimental investigation on drying performance of pharmaceutical granules in a pulsation‐assisted fluidized bed dryer

“…Similar phenomena were reported in other studies as well. [44,45] When the FBD is operated at continuous flow or pulsed flow, the drying rate increases with a higher drying air flow rate during the constant rate period. The duration of the constant rate period is also shorter at a higher superficial gas velocity.…”

Measurement of moisture content in a fluidized bed dryer using an electrostatic sensor array

“…The effects of moisture content on the mass flow measurement of pneumatically conveyed particles using electrostatic sensors were investigated by Qian et al [20]. Taghavivand et al investigated the drying kinetics and tribocharging behavior of pharmaceutical particles in a fluidized bed dryer [21]. It was concluded that the charge on the particles is a direct indication of the moisture content and the dynamic charge can be used to monitor the drying process.…”

“…In addition, by comparing the RMS values of the signals from the three electrodes, it is found that the signal from electrode A-3 is higher in magnitude than those from electrodes A-1 and A-2, which suggests that there are more charges on the particles in the higher position of the FBD. However, in part III, based on the investigation of Taghavivand et al[21], when the particles reached the equilibrium moisture content, the charge on the particles arrived at its equilibrium value. Since the electrostatic signal is generated by the induction of the charge on the particles, when the charge on the particles reaches its equilibrium value, the electrostatic signals present less fluctuations and the RMS values of the signals decrease.…”