“…It is a surface phenomenon and, due to the great variety of metallic materials used and their different properties of resistance to corrosion, a series of protection processes for metallic surfaces were and have been developed. Amongst the most employed surface treatment processes, is phosphating [15,19]. Phosphating is a conversion treatment which enables the surface coating with a phosphate insoluble salt layer, most of the times zinc phosphate [20,21], aiming at protection against corrosion, preparation for painting, electrical separation, and decoration [20,21].…”