Involvement of epigenetics in affecting host immunity during SARS-CoV-2 infection

Behura, Assirbad; Naik, Lincoln; Patel, Salina; Das, Mousumi; Kumar, Ashish; Mishra, Abtar; Nayak, Dev Kiran; Manna, Debraj; Mishra, Amit Kumar; Dhiman, Rohan

doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166634

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with the methylation of the ACE2 receptor ( Pinto et al, 2020 ). Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins interact with several host epigenetic enzymes including histone deacetylases (HDACs) and bromodomain-containing proteins, resulting in antagonism of cell signalling ( Behura et al, 2023 ). Furthermore, epigenetic factors upregulated by SARS-CoV-2, including PRMT1, TRIM16, HDAC7, HDGF, DTX3L, and downregulated factors, including PRDM1 and PPARGC1A, PADI3, FOXO1 and HELLS have been described ( Khan and Islam, 2021 ).…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Infection As a Potential Risk Factor For The Deve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential risk factor for the development of cancer

Ogarek,

Oboza,

Olszanecka-Glinianowicz

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on public health and the estimated number of excess deaths may be more than three times higher than documented in official statistics. Numerous studies have shown an increased risk of severe COVID-19 and death in patients with cancer. In addition, the role of SARS-CoV-2 as a potential risk factor for the development of cancer has been considered. Therefore, in this review, we summarise the available data on the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on oncogenesis, including but not limited to effects on host signal transduction pathways, immune surveillance, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, cell cycle dysregulation, potential viral genome integration, epigenetic alterations and genetic mutations, oncolytic effects and reactivation of dormant cancer cells. We also investigated the potential long-term effects and impact of the antiviral therapy used in COVID-19 on cancer development and its progression.

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Section: Sars-cov-2 Infection As a Potential Risk Factor For The Deve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential risk factor for the development of cancer

Ogarek,

Oboza,

Olszanecka-Glinianowicz

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…DNA methylation occurs when enzymes called DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs) bind adenine and cytosine bases to methyl groups, which represses gene expression (van et al, 2013). Early in the pandemic, it is believed that the SARS-CoV-2 virus was capable of changing its host's epigenetic profile through the disruption of DNA methylation marks (Behura et al, 2022). While the exact mechanism by which the virus triggers this methylation is unclear, studies have provided novel insight into the impact these epigenetic changes have on the host immune response upon COVID-19 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host’s DNA methylation alterations accompanying COVID-19 infection: a review article

Fouad Ali,

Mohammed Lafta,

Khashman

2023

MSA

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The latest global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) is triggered by a highly pathogenic RNA virus initiating coronavirus disease 2019 . Epigenetic modifications (mainly DNA methylation and histone modification) are key regulators of the transcriptome. Such epigenetic marks have the ability to switch on/off gene expression. Additionally, the epigenetic marks are known to be dynamic, reversible, and more vulnerable, than the genome, in response to environmental insults including pathogenic invaders such as viruses and bacteria. During the period of COVID-19 pandemic, much more efforts have been concentrated on characterizing the SARS-CoV-2 virus, determining how it enters the cells, and revealing the associated health complications. Interestingly, the SARS-CoV-2 RNA virus is believed to have the potential of hijacking the host immune cells' epigenome to avoid antiviral defense. However, a very little scientific understanding of how the host epigenome responds to COVID-19 infection. This review summarizes the existing knowledge and provides an overview of a considerable amount of literature published on this topic, especially the contribution of DNA methylation alterations in triggering the cytokine storm in pulmonary tissues mainly by the hyper-activation of the immune system and uncontrolled influx of cytokines in response to COVID-19 infection.

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“…Epigenetic disturbances in both the host and viruses are a matter of great interest in revealing the disparities in mortality and pathology of COVID-19. In fact, several targets of epigenetic modification in the virus, as well as the host, have been identified, including m6A, ACE2 modifications, etc., which have been linked to various conditions in infected hosts and their pathology [3,19]. Finally, considering the emergence of new variants, especially from countries where there has not been much stratification of vaccination, how will the situation evolve in general?…”

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confidence: 99%