Involvement of Non-Coding RNAs in Chemo- and Radioresistance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Xiao, Jiaxin; He, Xiu‐Sheng

doi:10.2147/cmar.s336265

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(141 reference statements)

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“…In the past, salvage radiotherapy was the mainstay of treatment for patient with recurrent NPC. However, more radioresistant recurrent tumors cause worse treatment results [ 10 , 17 , 18 ]. Therefore, salvage surgeries for resectable locoregional recurrence have been advocated in recent years [ 1 , 2 , 15 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Characteristics and Predictive Outcomes of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma—A Lingering Pitfall of the Long Latency

Chen

Luo

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of long-latent recurrence (>five years) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: This retrospective study enrolled newly diagnosed NPC patients from the Chang Gung Research Database between January 2007 and December 2019. We analyzed the patients’ characteristics and survival outcomes after recurrence. Results: A total of 2599 NPC patients were enrolled. The overall recurrence rate was 20.5%, while 8.1% of patients had long-latent recurrence (>five years). These patients had a higher percentage of initial AJCC (The American Joint Committee on Cancer) stage I/II (60.5%, p = 0.001) and local recurrence (46.5%, p < 0.001). Unresectable rT3 and rT4 were found in 60% of patients when recurrence and 30% of local recurrence occurred in the skull base, which could not be detected by the regular endoscopy. The five-year overall survival rate of long-latent recurrence was 19.7%. Alive patients tended to be asymptomatic but have regular follow-ups with the interval less than six months. Multivariate analysis showed age and initial advanced AJCC stages were independent risk factors of death after recurrence. In contrast, patients with recurrence between two and five years, salvage surgeries, and regional recurrence had favorable survival outcomes. Conclusion: Long-latent NPC recurrence is not rare, and the survival outcome is poor. Regular follow-up for early detection of NPC recurrence is necessary even after five years of disease-free period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, re-irradiation may cause miserable complications and impairments of the quality of life [ 10 , 15 , 16 ]. Otherwise, relative radioresistant tumors in recurrent NPC may cause treatment failure [ 10 , 17 , 18 ]. Surgical resection of recurrent NPC is another treatment option [ 1 , 2 , 15 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics and Predictive Outcomes of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma—A Lingering Pitfall of the Long Latency

Chen

Luo

et al. 2022

Cancers

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“…Treatment resistance is a significant concern in cancer [68][69][70][71], and there is abundant evidence that lncRNAs play a role in regulating the sensitivity of tumor cells to drug and radiotherapy [72][73][74][75][76][77], thereby affecting tumor recurrence and metastasis.…”

Section: Treatment Resistance Mediated By Lncrna Dars-as1mentioning

confidence: 99%

DARS-AS1: A Vital Oncogenic LncRNA Regulator with Potential for Cancer Prognosis and Therapy

Shu,

Xia,

Luo

et al. 2024

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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DARS-AS1, short for Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase antisense RNA 1, has emerged as a pivotal player in cancers. Upregulation of this lncRNA is a recurrent phenomenon observed across various cancer types, where it predominantly assumes oncogenic roles, exerting influence on multiple facets of tumor cell biology. This aberrant expression of DARS-AS1 has triggered extensive research investigations, aiming to unravel its roles and clinical values in cancer. In this review, we elucidate the significant correlation between dysregulated DARS-AS1 expression and adverse survival prognoses in cancer patients, drawing from existing literature and pan-cancer analyses from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Additionally, we provide comprehensive insights into the diverse functions of DARS-AS1 in various cancers. Our review encompasses the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms, ceRNA networks, functional mediators, and signaling pathways, as well as its involvement in therapy resistance, coupled with the latest advancements in DARS-AS1-related cancer research. These recent updates enrich our comprehensive comprehension of the pivotal role played by DARS-AS1 in cancer, thereby paving the way for future applications of DARS-AS1-targeted strategies in tumor prognosis evaluation and therapeutic interventions. This review furnishes valuable insights to advance the ongoing efforts in combating cancer effectively.

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“…Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs, may be aberrantly expressed in many tumors, indicating potential implications for cancer pathogenesis. They can play an essential role in regulating tumor radioresistance\sensitivity, and chemoresistance by controlling cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage checkpoints, and other critical signaling pathways [154][155][156][157].…”

Section: Non-coding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Control of cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage checkpoints, and other critical signaling paths. [141,142,[154][155][156][157] DNA repair and cell cycle…”

Section: Factor or Pathway Properties/mechanism Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Pathways Implicated in Radioresistance of Glioblastoma Multiforme: What Is the Role of Extracellular Vesicles?

Burko

D’Amico

Miltykh

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a primary brain tumor that is very aggressive, resistant to treatment, and characterized by a high degree of anaplasia and proliferation. Routine treatment includes ablative surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, GMB rapidly relapses and develops radioresistance. Here, we briefly review the mechanisms underpinning radioresistance and discuss research to stop it and install anti-tumor defenses. Factors that participate in radioresistance are varied and include stem cells, tumor heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment, hypoxia, metabolic reprogramming, the chaperone system, non-coding RNAs, DNA repair, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). We direct our attention toward EVs because they are emerging as promising candidates as diagnostic and prognostication tools and as the basis for developing nanodevices for delivering anti-cancer agents directly into the tumor mass. EVs are relatively easy to obtain and manipulate to endow them with the desired anti-cancer properties and to administer them using minimally invasive procedures. Thus, isolating EVs from a GBM patient, supplying them with the necessary anti-cancer agent and the capability of recognizing a specified tissue-cell target, and reinjecting them into the original donor appears, at this time, as a reachable objective of personalized medicine.

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Involvement of Non-Coding RNAs in Chemo- and Radioresistance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Cited by 8 publications

References 131 publications

Clinical Characteristics and Predictive Outcomes of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma—A Lingering Pitfall of the Long Latency

Clinical Characteristics and Predictive Outcomes of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma—A Lingering Pitfall of the Long Latency

DARS-AS1: A Vital Oncogenic LncRNA Regulator with Potential for Cancer Prognosis and Therapy

Molecular Pathways Implicated in Radioresistance of Glioblastoma Multiforme: What Is the Role of Extracellular Vesicles?

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