Iodometric analysis and shelf life of malathion in formulations

Orth, Robert A.; Minett, W.

doi:10.1002/ps.2780060302

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Among them, air and grain temperature and moisture content are better studied and of major importance (Arthur et al, 1992;Wintersteen & Foster, 1992;White & Leesch, 1996;Fleurat-Lessard et al, 1998;Hamacher et al, 2002;Pimentel et al, 2004). High grain temperatures, for instance, cause fast breakdown of many insecticides, mainly by stimulating grain hydrolytic enzymes (Rowlands, 1975;Orth & Minett, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological activity and persistence of pirimiphos-methyl applied to maize grain at different temperatures

Silveira

Faroni²,

Guedes³

et al. 2009

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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The expansion of dryeration may impose a further problem for insect control with protectants -the high grain temperatures during insecticide spraying. To assess the impact of this procedure on insecticide activity, maize grains at different temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40 and 45°C) were sprayed with pirimiphos-methyl. Residue analyses were carried out every 30 days and insecticide biological activity towards Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum was assessed every 15 days throughout the experimental period of 90 days. Insect mortality was evaluated after 48 h. Pirimiphos-methyl residue decreased with increased storage time and grain temperature during spraying. Similar trends were also observed for mortality of S. zeamais and T. castaneum, which dropped from around 100% for lower grain temperatures, shortly after spraying, to mortality values around 0% for higher temperatures and after 90 days of storage. These results indicate the drastic effect of grain temperatures during spraying, which compromises the efficiency of grain protectants for insect pest control on stored grains. Key words: Sitophilus zeamais, Tribolium castaneum, organophosphate, residue, insect controlEficácia biológica e persistência do pirimifós-metil aplicados sobre grãos de milho em diferentes temperaturas RESUMO A técnica de seca-aeração pode causar problema no controle de insetos devido à alta temperatura do grão durante o processo de pulverização do inseticida. Com este trabalho objetivou-se avaliar o efeito imediato e latente da temperatura do grão durante o processo de pulverização sobre a persistência e eficácia biológica do inseticida pirimifós-metil no controle de Sitophilus zeamais e Tribolium castaneum. Para tal, pulverizou-se o inseticida pirimifós-metil sobre os grãos de milho quando se apresentavam nas temperaturas de 25, 30, 35, 40 e 45°C. A análise de resíduo foi realizada após a pulverização e a cada 30 dias, até 90 dias. Para avaliação da eficácia biológica 20 insetos adultos de S. zeamais e de T. castaneum foram colocados em uma placa de Petri contendo grãos tratados e, após 48 h de exposição dos insetos aos grãos, logo depois da pulverização e a cada 15 dias, até 90 dias, foram realizadas as avaliações. Observou-se que a eficácia biológica do pirimifós-metil reduziu durante o período de armazenamento e que o aumento da temperatura do grão no momento da pulverização também contribui para a redução da eficácia deste inseticida. Observou-se, também, que S. zeamais apresentou menor sensibilidade ao pirimifós-metil que T. castaneum. Palavras-chave:Sitophilus zeamais, Tribolium castaneum, organofosforado, resíduo, controle de inseto 1 UFVJM, CEP 39100-000, Diamantina, MG. Fone: (38) 3532-1226.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological activity and persistence of pirimiphos-methyl applied to maize grain at different temperatures

Silveira

Faroni²,

Guedes³

et al. 2009

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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“…Após a aplicação, o inseticida é exposto a numerosos agentes capazes de transformá-lo em compostos não-tóxicos, sendo a umidade e a temperatura do ambiente e do grão os mais importantes (Arthur et al 1992, Wintersteen & Foster 1992, White & Leesch 1996. Segundo Rowlands (1975) e Orth & Minett (1975), altas temperaturas dos grãos causam rápida degradação de muitos inseticidas, principalmente por hidrólise, por estimularem sua atividade enzimática. De acordo com Wintersteen & Foster (1992) e Hamacher et al (2002), altas temperaturas do ar, no momento da aplicação, provavelmente volatilizam o veículo do inseticida, causando perda significa de sua eficácia, pois, quando o veículo evapora, o princípio ativo forma pequenas partículas sólidas que permanecem em suspensão no ar, não atingindo a superfície do grão.…”

Section: Palavras-chaveunclassified

Eficácia biológica e persistência de bifentrina pulverizada em grãos de milho com diferentes temperaturas

Silveira¹,

Faroni²,

Pimentel³

et al. 2006

Neotrop. Entomol.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the immediate and latent effects of the grain temperature, during the spraying process, on the persistence and biological efficacy of the biphenthrin insecticide against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). For such, biphenthrin was sprayed on the grain at the temperatures: 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 o C. To access the persistence of biphenthrin, insecticide residue analyses were carried out monthly, just after spraying until 90 days of storage. To evaluate the biological efficacy of biphenthrin, 20 adults of each species were placed in petri dishes with sprayed grain, and kept in climate cabinets under 27 o C and 55% of RH, during 48h. Evaluations were done every 15 days, starting just after spraying and finishing at 90 days of storage. Both persistence and biological efficacy of biphenthrin reduced as storage time and grain temperatures increased. Additionally, S. zeamais was more tolerant to biphenthrin than T. castaneum.KEY WORDS: Insecticide degradation, insecticide residue, grain temperature, insect control, chemical .....control RESUMO -Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar os efeitos imediato e latente da temperatura do grão, durante a pulverização, sobre a persistência e eficácia biológica do inseticida bifentrina, no controle de Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) e Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Para tal, bifentrina foi pulverizada em grãos de milho com diferentes temperaturas (25, 30, 35, 40 e 45 o C). Para avaliação da sua persistência fez-se a extração e análise do resíduo a cada 30 dias, iniciando logo após a pulverização do inseticida, até os 90 dias de armazenamento. Para avaliação da eficácia biológica, 20 adultos de cada espécie foram colocados em placas-de-petri contendo grãos tratados, sendo mantidas em câmaras do tipo B.O.D., a 27 o C e 55% de UR durante 48 horas. Estas avaliações foram realizadas em intervalos de 15 dias, com início logo após a pulverização e término aos 90 dias de armazenamento. Observou-se que tanto a persistência quanto a eficácia biológica da bifentrina reduziram à medida que o período de armazenamento e a temperatura do grão aumentaram. Observou-se, ainda, que S. zeamais apresentou maior tolerância à bifentrina, que T. castaneum.

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“…Thus, for example, the determination of malathion and its residues can be performed using gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) [3]. More than 30 years ago, malathion in pesticide formulations was determined by volumetric methods such as argentometric [4], iodometric [5,6], or complexometric following alkaline hydrolysis [7,8]. Also used are spectrophotometric methods [9,10], atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) [11], gas chromatography (GC) [12], or by environmental friendly methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) [13] and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy (FTRS) [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid resolution liquid chromatography method for determination of malathion in pesticide formulation

Velkoska-Markovska

Petanovska‐Ilievska

2020

Acta Chromatographica

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This paper presents a new, simple, precise, and accurate rapid resolution liquid chromatography (RRLC) method for determination of an active ingredient malathion in the pesticide formulation. The analysis was performed on a Poroshell EC 120-C18 (50 mm × 3 mm, 2.7 μm) analytical column using isocratic elution with a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile–water (50:50, v/v), a flow rate of 1 mL/min, a constant column temperature at 25 °C, and ultraviolet-diode array detection (UV-DAD) at 220 nm. The specificity, selectivity, linearity, precision, and accuracy were tested for the method validation according to the Collaborative International Pesticides Analytical Council (CIPAC) and Directorate General Health and Consumer Protection (SANCO) guidelines and all tested parameters were found within acceptance criteria. The obtained results indicated that the proposed method can be used for routine analysis of the active ingredient malathion in the pesticide formulation “Etiol tecni” following the CIPAC and SANCO rules. The run time of analysis under the stipulated chromatographic conditions was about 2.5 min, meaning that the proposed method requires a small volume (< 1.5 mL) of the organic solvent (acetonitrile) making it cost-effective.

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Iodometric analysis and shelf life of malathion in formulations

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Biological activity and persistence of pirimiphos-methyl applied to maize grain at different temperatures

Biological activity and persistence of pirimiphos-methyl applied to maize grain at different temperatures

Eficácia biológica e persistência de bifentrina pulverizada em grãos de milho com diferentes temperaturas

Rapid resolution liquid chromatography method for determination of malathion in pesticide formulation

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