Ion Exchange Fundamentals and New Challenges

Barros, Maria Angélica Simões Dornellas de; LuizGimenes, Marcelino; Vieira, Melissa Gurgel Adeodato; Silva, Meuris Gurgel Carlosda

doi:10.5772/60864

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Hence, Pb 2+ corresponds to the highest adsorption capacity due to its ability to take part in ion exchange/adsorption. 26,43 This explanation also corroborates with the results shown with Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ . Furthermore, the hard−soft-acid−base theory can be used to validate the metal affinity.…”

Section: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Researchsupporting

confidence: 88%

Calcium Alginate Thin Films Derived from Sargassum natans for the Selective Adsorption of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺ Ions

Mohammed¹,

Mahabir²,

Mohammed³

et al. 2018

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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10The Caribbean has seen the influx of Sargassum, affecting the livelihood of communities. Sodium 11 alginate extracted from Sargassum is known for its cross-linking properties, making the seaweed 12 attractive as an adsorbent. Hence, the use of calcium alginate thin films can decrease the mass 13 transfer resistance found in commonly used alginate beads, resulting in increased adsorption 14 efficiency. This article discusses the adsorption potential of calcium alginate thin films for Pb 2+ , 15 Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ adsorption. Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ adsorption fitted the Langmuir isotherm well with 16 capacities of 0.80, 0.10 and 0.02 mmol of metal/g of beads respectively for Sargassum. Kinetic 17 studies showed that the ions followed the pseudo-second-order model, elucidating that ion 18 exchange governed adsorption. Furthermore, NMR characterization showed that G-block 19 monomers influenced kinetic parameters and selectivity in the order: Pb 2+ > Cu 2+ > Cd 2+ . 20 Keywords 21Calcium alginate; Thin film; Biosorption; Heavy metal ions; M:G ratio, Sargassum natans 22 chemical precipitation, 6 ion exchange, 7 adsorption, cementation and electrolysis. 8 These methods 33 often involve chemicals, which may be energy intensive processes and in some cases, ineffective 34 at high concentrations. 9, 10 The use of biomass as a potential adsorbent for the removal of these 35 heavy metal ions could serves as an inexpensive and effective means of water treatment. 11 36 Alginate, which can be extracted from the walls of brown seaweed, is a natural linear 37 polysaccharide copolymer. It consists of two uronic acids; β-D-mannuronic acid (M) and α-L-38 guluronic acid (G). 12 The presence of these blocks in various ratios and molecular weight alters 39 the physiochemical properties. The alginates that are rich in L-guluronate form strong but brittle 40 gels and those rich in D-mannuronate are weaker but more flexible. 13 These physiochemical 41 properties vary depending on the type of seaweed and the geographical location. Sargassum natans 42 (S.natans) is an invasive brown seaweed which has besieged Caribbean coastlines. S.natans has 43 negatively impacted marine ecosystems resulting in a decrease in economic activities such as 44 tourism and fishing. 14 Due to its abundance and invasive nature, there is an urgent need for its 45 3 utilization as a possible beneficial raw material. Commercial alginates are usually extracted from 46 brown seaweed such as kelps or Laminariales. These alginophytes are usually cultivated for the 47 °C for 2 h until a thin sodium alginate film (<100 µm in thickness) was formed. The thin sodium 108 alginate film was then cooled to room temperature prior to immersing into 3L of 7% (w/v) CaCl2 109 bath for 15 min. The calcium alginate film was then washed with deionized water, cut into discs 110 of 3.5 cm in diameter using a surgical scalpel and fixed onto Whatman Filter paper (Grade 1) as a 111 support for subsequent use. 112 113 336 3. Satarug, S.; Garrett, S. H.; Sens, M. A.; Sens, D. A. Cadmium, ...

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Section: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Researchsupporting

confidence: 88%

Calcium Alginate Thin Films Derived from Sargassum natans for the Selective Adsorption of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺ Ions

Mohammed¹,

Mahabir²,

Mohammed³

et al. 2018

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Rapid and flexible online desalting using Nafion‐coated melamine sponge for mass spectrometry analysis

DeVor

Wang

et al. 2022

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale The performance of mass spectrometry (MS) analysis is often affected by the presence of salt ions. To achieve optimal MS detection results, desalting is necessary for samples with high salt concentrations. We report a rapid, low‐cost and flexible online desalting method using Nafion‐coated sponge. This method is easy to perform and can be implemented to a wide range of customized fluidic systems. Methods Nafion‐coated melamine sponge was fabricated by soaking a glass tube containing a melamine sponge in Nafion solution and then drying overnight. The online desalting workflow is comprised of three major parts: (1) Syringe pump, which provides a continuous flow for the online fluid system; (2) Nafion sponge in a glass tube, where the online desalting of sample solution happens; (3) Capillary Vibrating Sharp‐Edge Spray Ionization (cVSSI), which is an ionization technique to ionize the desalted analytes. Results Effective online desalting of a 10 mM NaCl solution was demonstrated for a wide range of molecules including small molecules, peptides, DNAs, and proteins using a flow rate of 10 μL/min. By incorporating multiple pieces of the Nafion‐coated sponge, effective desalting for ubiquitin and cytochrome c (Cyt‐c) from physiological buffers, including phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) and tris‐buffered saline (TBS), were also achieved. For molecules that are sensitive to low pH conditions after desalting, a R‐SO3NH4‐type Nafion‐coated sponge was fabricated. Desalting of ubiquitin, oligosaccharide, and DNA oligomers from 10 mM NaCl or 10 mM KCl solutions was demonstrated. Conclusions Flexible, low‐cost, and efficient online desalting was achieved by the Nafion‐coated sponge. A variety of molecules ranging from small molecules, peptides, proteins to oligosaccharides and DNAs can be desalted for MS analysis. The desalting by Nafion sponge has great potential for desalting applications that require customized fluidic design and rapid analysis.

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Brazilian clays as natural cation exchangers for copper sorption in a batch system

Ferreira,

da Costa,

Barbosa

et al. 2024

Adsorption

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Ion Exchange Fundamentals and New Challenges

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Calcium Alginate Thin Films Derived from Sargassum natans for the Selective Adsorption of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺ Ions

Calcium Alginate Thin Films Derived from Sargassum natans for the Selective Adsorption of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺ Ions

Rapid and flexible online desalting using Nafion‐coated melamine sponge for mass spectrometry analysis

Brazilian clays as natural cation exchangers for copper sorption in a batch system

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Ion Exchange Fundamentals and New Challenges

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Calcium Alginate Thin Films Derived from Sargassum natans for the Selective Adsorption of Cd2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+ Ions

Calcium Alginate Thin Films Derived from Sargassum natans for the Selective Adsorption of Cd2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+ Ions

Rapid and flexible online desalting using Nafion‐coated melamine sponge for mass spectrometry analysis

Brazilian clays as natural cation exchangers for copper sorption in a batch system

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Calcium Alginate Thin Films Derived from Sargassum natans for the Selective Adsorption of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺ Ions

Calcium Alginate Thin Films Derived from Sargassum natans for the Selective Adsorption of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺ Ions