The accomplishment of lightweight
reinforcement of wood through
an environmentally friendly approach has been seen as a tough nut
to crack for a long time. In this study, a novel method inserting
water-soluble vinyl monomers into wood cell walls followed by in situ
polymerization was proposed. The distributions of the modifiers in
the wood cell walls and the graft mechanism between water-soluble
vinyl monomers and wood cell wall components were thoroughly investigated.
Results indicated that the water-soluble vinyl monomers could effectively
permeate into the wood cell walls and connected with the hydroxyl
groups of the lignin and polysaccharides via covalent bonds. The lumen
of the wood remained unfilled during the modification process, and
just a 40% weight gain was achieved. However, a 68.37% antiswelling
efficiency was achieved after a water-soluble vinyl monomer treatment
under the optimized condition (when 20 wt % of NMA was coadded). The
modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of the corresponding
material increased 20.2% and 38.0%, respectively, compared with those
of the untreated one.