Adsorption functionalized poly(ionic liquid)s could be thiol-ene click synthesized within surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions. However, the in uence of the mole fraction of pendant enes on the asprepared polymer is still unclear. Herein, the in uence of the mole fraction of pendant enes on the molecular structure, surface morphology, thermostability and adsorption performance of poly(ionic liquid)s were investigated in detail. To characterize the as-prepared polymers, FTIR, NMR, TGA, DSC, SEM and UV-vis were used, and the adsorption isotherm/kinetics studies were carried out. The results show that the mole fraction of pendant enes had a signi cant difference on the characterization of poly(ionic liquid)s. The lower mole fraction of pendant enes donated lower T10% value, slower degradation rates and lower Tg, and the value of 0.30 was the boundary of forming structure with various beading sizes and structure with various irregularly shaped apertures. In addition, poly(ionic liquid)s with different mole fraction of pendant enes all showed excellent adsorption performance to DR, also indicate remarkable potential in the application of dying wastewater treatment.