Ionic liquids: a brief history

Welton, Tom

doi:10.1007/s12551-018-0419-2

Cited by 765 publications

(558 citation statements)

References 206 publications

(182 reference statements)

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“…Ionic liquids (ILs) are chemical compounds with a melting point below 100 °C which have unique properties and applications as designable compounds. Thanks to the appropriate choice of the anion‐cation pair, it is possible to obtain compounds characterized by the desired physicochemical properties and also biological activity . At the beginning of the 21 st century, the idea of herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) was introduced .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thanks to the appropriate choice of the anion-cation pair, it is possible to obtain compounds characterized by the desired physicochemical properties and also biological activity. [13][14][15][16][17][18] At the beginning of the 21 st century, the idea of herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) was introduced. [7] This concept allows to look at the future of global agriculture with hope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Herbicidal Ionic Liquids Containing the Acetylcholine Cation

et al. 2019

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This study presents a new group of herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) based on a cation occurs commonly in nature−acetylcholine. The HILs were obtained with a high yield through ion exchange between acetylcholine chloride and potassium or sodium salts of selected acids with herbicidal activity. The results of the herbicidal activity measurement against common oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) exceeded those of the commercial products. Spray solutions of the synthesized HILs revealed high surface activity and wetting properties which further manifested as higher herbicidal activity. The reduction of surface tension and low contact angles together with the specific action of acetylcholine allowed for better penetration of synthesized HILs into plant tissues. In addition, OECD 301F tests confirmed high mineralization of the HILs. The simple transformation of commercial herbicides into acetylcholine HILs proved to be a very effective method of increasing their activity, and constitutes an interesting solution to the problem of weed infestation with the use of a substance commonly found in nature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicidal Ionic Liquids Containing the Acetylcholine Cation

et al. 2019

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“…Although the concept of ionicity is controversially disputed, it is nevertheless very helpful. [44,[48][49][50] It is best understood in terms of aggregation or cluster formation rather than ion pairing, since the definition of ion pairs in a bulk liquid is arbitrary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Ether‐Functionalized Phosphonium Ionic Liquids as Highly Fluid Electrolytes

et al. 2018

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Dedicated to the memory of Reiner Wintringer, our lab technician.Ionic liquids (ILs) are promising electrolytes, although their often high viscosity remains a serious drawback. The latter can be addressed by the introduction of multiple ether functionalization. Based on the highly atom efficient synthesis of tris(2ethoxyethyl) phosphine, several new phosphonium ionic liquids were prepared, which allows studying the influence of the ether side chains. Their most important physicochemical properties have been determined and will be interpreted using established approaches like ionicity, hole theory, and the Walden plot. There is striking evidence that the properties of phosphonium ionic liquids with the methanesulfonate anion are dominated by aggregation, whereas the two triple ether functionalized ILs with the highest fluidity show almost ideal behavior with other factors being dominant. It is furthermore found that the deviation from ideality is not significantly changed upon introduction of the ether side chains, although a very beneficial impact on the fluidity of ILs is observed. Multiple ether functionalization therefore proves as a powerful tool to overcome the disadvantages of phosphonium ionic liquids with large cations.

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“…The organic solvents includes dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), methanol, and ionic liquids (ILs; liquid salts considered as green solvents (Lei, Chen, Koo, & MacFarlane, 2017;Welton, 2018;Xu, Guo, & Cheong, 2016)), and others. The organic solvents includes dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), methanol, and ionic liquids (ILs; liquid salts considered as green solvents (Lei, Chen, Koo, & MacFarlane, 2017;Welton, 2018;Xu, Guo, & Cheong, 2016)), and others.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This review focuses on published genetic and chemical approaches to alter the surface charge of proteins, including lipases, cellulases, amylases, peroxidases and so forth to yield more stable and active enzymes in the presence of nonaqueous solvents, and their applicability in biocatalysis. The organic solvents includes dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), methanol, and ionic liquids (ILs; liquid salts considered as green solvents (Lei, Chen, Koo, & MacFarlane, 2017;Welton, 2018;Xu, Guo, & Cheong, 2016)), and others. The initial part of the review focuses on genetic engineering of specific residues to yield proteins with improved functions such as improved IL-tolerance of lipases or reduced lignin adsorption of cellulases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and chemical approaches for surface charge engineering of enzymes and their applicability in biocatalysis: A review

Pedersen

Zhou

Guo

et al. 2019

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Surface charge engineering has received considerable interest from the scientific and industrial community in the last few decades. Although it was previously hypothesized that the surface charge-charge interactions were not a fundamental force to determine protein folding and stability, many studies today show that surface charge plays a key role determining protein structure and activity. This review aims to (a) highlight the value of surface charged engineering of proteins to improve enzyme stability and activity in aqueous media and in the presence of ionic liquids (ILs) and organic solvents, (b) describe the existing approaches (genetic engineering or chemical modifications) for surface charged engineering, and (c) demonstrate the applicability of these surface charged enzymes in biocatalysis. The review provides a new foundation for the scientific and research community to exploit the surface engineering of protein concept for the development of new enzymes that are more active and stable in the presence of ILs and organic solvents, thereby offering new opportunities for industrial biocatalysis. Furthermore, this review is a useful tool for researchers to decide the best available technology to improve their enzyme system/ process.

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Ionic liquids: a brief history

Cited by 765 publications

References 206 publications

Herbicidal Ionic Liquids Containing the Acetylcholine Cation

Herbicidal Ionic Liquids Containing the Acetylcholine Cation

Multiple Ether‐Functionalized Phosphonium Ionic Liquids as Highly Fluid Electrolytes

Genetic and chemical approaches for surface charge engineering of enzymes and their applicability in biocatalysis: A review

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