Ionizing Radiation Induces a Stress Response in Primary Cultures of Rainbow Trout Skin

Multiple stressor effects of radiation and metals in salmon (Salmo salar)

“…Medium from the cultures was harvested 2 days after the fish were exposed and the bystander bioassay was performed. This bioassay measures the production of stress signals (bystander signals) induced by low-dose radiation exposure (Mothersill and Seymour, 1998;Mothersill et al, 2001a,b;Lyng et al, 2004;Olwell et al, 2005;Dowling et al, 2005). The aim of the paper was to see whether exposure to radiation would cause bystander effects and if so, whether metal exposure would modulate signal production producing additive, sub-additive or synergistic effects.…”

“…Previous work by the McMaster University group has confirmed using in vitro culture of fish, crustaceans and fish cell lines, that bystander effects do indeed occur in fish and crustacean cells (Mothersill et al, 2001a,b;Lyng et al, 2004;Olwell et al, 2005;Dowling et al, 2005). Also, using a reporter system, it can be shown that tissues of fish (rainbow trout) vary in the type and severity of the response induced by transfer of the signals from the irradiated tissue to a reporter cell line (O'Dowd et al, 2006).…”

“…They were obtained as a gift from Prof. J. DiPaolo, NIH Bethesda, MD, USA, and have been used in our laboratory as a reporter system for bystander signal production in a wide range of experiments (e.g. Seymour and Mothersill, 2000;Mothersill et al, 2001aMothersill et al, ,b, 2002Mothersill et al, , 2005Lyng et al, 2004). The cell line was grown in RPMI-1640 supplemented as above, in T75 flasks (NUNC Inc, Uden, Netherlands) and subcultured into T24 flasks (40 mL volume) for experiments.…”

TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling in human esophageal epithelial cells

“…In contrast to the more distal gastrointestinal tract in which TLRs have been extensively studied (1,2,11,29,32,35), the expression and function of TLRs in the esophageal epithelium have not been well characterized. In the only previous publication regarding esophageal TLRs, Uehara et al (47) reported that TLRs 2, 3, 4, and 7 are expressed by the squamous cell carcinoma esophageal cell line TE-1.…”

Scale morphology of Prochilodus lineatus with emphasis on the scale epithelium

“…Abraham et al, 2001;Domingues and Hayashi, 1998;Grizzle and Thiyagarajah, 1987;Fujimoto et al, 2008;Koumans and Sire, 1996;;Langer et al, 2004;Lyng et al, 2004;Mittal and Whitear, 1979;Moss, 1972;Nolan et al, 2002;Sire and Akimenko, 2004;Sire et al, 1997;Souza and Santos, 1997;Souza et al, 2003;Souza et al, 2006;Yuan and Campana, 1998;Waterman, 2005). However, the descriptive work dates from twenty or thirty years ago and bears very little photographic record.…”