IoT in Action: Design and Implementation of a Building Evacuation Service

Gökçeli, Selahattin; Zhmurov, Nikolay; Kurt, Güneş Karabulut; Örs, Berna

doi:10.1155/2017/8595404

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Environmental parameters such as temperature, the concentration of toxic gases are measured and monitored in [4] using NodeMCU and sensors. In [5], Low-cost IoT based evacuation Service is implemented for real-life situations of Building Automation System (BAS) applications.The Mobile terminal-based system is discussed in [6] [8] which provides a 3D interactive model of building and guide evacuees to exit safely. In [9], the author proposed an FPGA based fire warning and multi-door control system which provides the information onthe floor where the fire occurred.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development in building fire detection and evacuation system-a comprehensive review

Birajdar

Singh

Gehlot

et al. 2020

IJECE

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Fire is both beneficial to man and his environment as well as destructive and deadly among all the natural disasters. A fire Accident occurs very rarely, but once it crops up its consequences will be devastating. The early detection of fire will help to avoid further consequences and saves the life of people. During the fire accidents, it is also important to guide people within the building to exit safely. Because of this, the paper gives a review of literature related to recent advancements in building fire detection and emergency evacuation system. It is intended to provide details about fire simulation tools with features, suitable hardware, communication methods, and effective user interface.

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development in building fire detection and evacuation system-a comprehensive review

Birajdar

Singh

Gehlot

et al. 2020

IJECE

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“…Another prototype was designed and implemented in [ 7 ] to monitor and control the industrial environment by using the Wi-Fi communication module. Hardware solutions, which include RFID platform and temperature sensors, have been designed and implemented in [ 8 ] to enable emergency evacuation services in IoT based buildings. In [ 8 ], the RFID platform, which includes the RFID tags and RFID readers, is implemented to locate the people in the buildings.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hardware solutions, which include RFID platform and temperature sensors, have been designed and implemented in [ 8 ] to enable emergency evacuation services in IoT based buildings. In [ 8 ], the RFID platform, which includes the RFID tags and RFID readers, is implemented to locate the people in the buildings. Based on the temperature data acquired by the implemented temperature sensors in [ 8 ] and the people position information based on the RFID solutions implementation in [ 8 ], the central computer can activate the emergency evacuation when a fire is detected.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [ 8 ], the RFID platform, which includes the RFID tags and RFID readers, is implemented to locate the people in the buildings. Based on the temperature data acquired by the implemented temperature sensors in [ 8 ] and the people position information based on the RFID solutions implementation in [ 8 ], the central computer can activate the emergency evacuation when a fire is detected. Wireless sensor networks for real-time fire detection are designed and evaluated in [ 9 ] to enable fire safety in the home environment.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time-Aware and Temperature-Aware Fire Evacuation Path Algorithm in IoT-Enabled Multi-Story Multi-Exit Buildings

Yen

Lin

Tsao

2020

Sensors

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Temperature sensors with a communication capability can help monitor and report temperature values to a control station, which enables dynamic and real-time evacuation paths in fire emergencies. As compared to traditional approaches that identify a one-shot fire evacuation path, in this paper, we develop an intelligent algorithm that can identify time-aware and temperature-aware fire evacuation paths by considering temperature changes at different time slots in multi-story and multi-exit buildings. We first propose a method that can map three-dimensional multi-story multi-exit buildings into a two-dimensional graph. Then, a mathematical optimization model is proposed to capture this time-aware and temperature-aware evacuation path problem in multi-story multi-exit buildings. Six fire evacuation algorithms (BFS, SP, DBFS, TABFS, TASP and TADBFS) are proposed to identify the efficient evacuation path. The first three algorithms that do not address human temperature limit constraints can be used by rescue robots or firemen with fire-proof suits. The last three algorithms that address human temperature limit constraints can be used by evacuees in terms of total time slots and total temperature on the evacuation path. In the computational experiments, the open space building and the Taipei 101 Shopping Mall are all tested to verify the solution quality of these six algorithms. From the computational results, TABFS, TASP and TADBF identify almost the same evacuation path in open space building and the Taipei 101 Shopping Mall. BFS, SP DBFS can locate marginally better results in terms of evacuation time and total temperature on the evacuation path. When considering evacuating a group of evacuees, the computational time of the evacuation algorithm is very important in a time-limited evacuation process. Considering the extreme case of seven fires in eight emergency exits in the Taipei 101 Shopping Mall, the golden window for evacuation is 15 time slots. Only TABFS and TADBFS are applicable to evacuate 1200 people in the Taipei 101 Shopping Mall when one time slot is setting as one minute. The computational results show that the capacity limit for the Taipei 101 Shopping Mall is 800 people in the extreme case of seven fires. In this case, when the number of people in the building is less than 700, TADBFS should be adopted. When the number of people in the building is greater than 700, TABFS can evacuate more people than TADBFS. Besides identifying an efficient evacuation path, another significant contribution of this paper is to identify the best sensor density deployment at large buildings like the Taipei 101 Shopping Mall in considering the fire evacuation.

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“…The new technology, IoT, is expected to bridge diverse technologies to enable latest applications by connecting physical objects together in support of intelligent decision-making (Al-Fuqaha et al , 2015; Mao et al , 2016; Xu, 2011; Xu et al , 2014; Xu and Duan, 2018). The IoT is the key to implement intelligent evacuation protocols in libraries, by connecting items with the Internet through the radio-frequency identification (RFID), infrared sensors, global positioning system (GPS), laser scanners, smoke sensors and other information sensing equipment to achieve intelligent crowd identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management (Gokceli et al , 2017). This paper aims at establishing a theoretical framework of applying IoT technologies to the intelligent evacuation protocol in libraries, to improve the safety management in libraries when emergency occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet of Things-based intelligent evacuation protocol in libraries

Xie

Liu

et al. 2019

LHT

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical framework of applying the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to the intelligent evacuation protocol in libraries at emergency situations. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted field investigations on eight libraries in Wuhan, China, analyzed the characteristics of crowd gathering in libraries and the problems of the libraries’ existing evacuation plans. Therefore, an IoT-based intelligent evacuation protocol in libraries was proposed. Its basic structure consisted of five components: the information base, the protocol base, the IoT sensors, the information fusion system and the intelligent evacuation protocol generation system. In the information fusion system, Dempster–Shafer (D-S) evidence theory was employed as the information fusion algorithm to fuse the multi-sensor information at multiple time points, so as to reduce the uncertainty of disaster prediction. The authors also conducted a case study on the Library L in Wuhan, China. A specific evacuation route was generated for a fire and the crowd evacuation was simulated by the software Patherfind. Findings The proposed IoT-based evacuation protocol has four distinguishing features: scenario corresponding, precise evacuation, dynamic correction and intelligent decision-making. The case study shows that the proposed protocol is feasible in practice, indicating that the IoT technologies have great potential to be successfully applied to the safety management in libraries. Research limitations/implications The software and hardware requirements as well as the Internet network requirements of IoT technologies need to be further discussed. Practical implications The proposed IoT-based intelligent evacuation protocol can be widely used in libraries, which is one of the inspirations for the use of IoT technologies in modern constructers. Originality/value The application of IoT technologies in libraries is a brand-new topic that has drawn much attention in academia recently. The crowd safety management in libraries is of great significance, and there is little professional literature on it. This paper proposes an IoT-based intelligent evacuation protocol, aiming at improving the safety management in libraries at emergency situations.

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IoT in Action: Design and Implementation of a Building Evacuation Service

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Development in building fire detection and evacuation system-a comprehensive review

Development in building fire detection and evacuation system-a comprehensive review

Time-Aware and Temperature-Aware Fire Evacuation Path Algorithm in IoT-Enabled Multi-Story Multi-Exit Buildings

Internet of Things-based intelligent evacuation protocol in libraries

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