“…This paper proposes to investigate the performance of each simulation technique using the simulation results and experimentation as the future work together with other important components to be considered, such as the important factors as simulation input. In addition, as for future work, simulations will be conducted, and a few rules for evacuations in buildings are required, including regulations governing the impact of the moment of entering a staircase, the number of evacuees in the building, the evacuation strategy, the layout of the building, and the total evacuation duration (Fernandez et al, 2021;Rahman et al, 2023).…”