Iron Oxide-Coupled Graphite/Fe–Si Steel Structure for Analog Computing from Recycling Principle

Abstract

Analog computing from recycling principle for next circular economy scenario has been studied with an iron oxide-coupled graphite/Fe–Si steel structure which was built using recycled waste materials, such as lead pencil and 3% Si steel (Fe–Si steel) foils. Proximity phenomena, such as disordered structure of iron oxide and magnetostriction-induced conduction, inside graphite lattice resulted in functional properties to advance analog architectures. Thermal oxidation was the synthesis route to produce iron oxide as coating film on Fe–Si steel foil, whose structure properties were validated by Raman spectroscopy where phase formation of hematite, α-Fe2O3, resulted as iron oxide thin-film. Three graphite layers with different compositions were also analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and used for studying electrical conduction in Fe–Si steel/α-Fe2O3/graphite structure from current–voltage plots at room temperature.

Large Two-Magnon Raman Hysteresis Observed in a Magnetically Uncompensated Hematite Coating across the Morin Transition

“…In paleomagnetism, the solid solutions between hematite and ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ) have interesting magnetic properties depending on the substituted degree of titanium in their structure, and it is used in theoretical and experimental models to explain the remanent magnetization found in magnetic rocks [27]. Furthermore, there is an enormous field of research in electronic devices since excellent spin-transport properties across the Morin transition have been detected [28], and it is integrated in novel architectures for encoding data of multiple states [29].…”