Irritant Contact Dermatitis — a Review

Patel, Kajal; Nixon, Rosemary

doi:10.1007/s13671-021-00351-4

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…The difference in classification between capacitance and cell viability data could be explained as skin irritation being the result of a skin barrier disruption, the activation of innate immune responses, and the dilation and increased permeability in the endothelial cells of the blood vessels [32]. As RhE-based test methods lack any vasculature, the MTT assay bases its prediction on cell death as an initiating event of an inflammatory cascade [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Tool for Predicting Skin Irritation on Reconstructed Human Epidermis Models Based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

et al. 2023

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The rabbit skin irritation test has been the standard for evaluating the irritation potential of chemicals; however, alternative methods that do not use animal testing are actively encouraged. Reconstructed human epidermis (RhE) models mimic the biochemical and physiological properties of the human epidermis and can be used as an alternative method. On RhE methods, the metabolic activity of RhE models is used to predict skin irritation, with a reduction in metabolic activity indicating a reduced number of viable cells and linking cell death to skin irritation processes. However, new challenges have emerged as the use of RhE models increases, including the need for non-invasive and marker-free methodologies to assess cellular states. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is one such methodology that can meet these requirements. In this study, our results showed that EIS can differentiate between irritant and non-irritant chemicals, with a significant increase in the capacitance values observed in the irritant samples. A ROC curve analysis showed that the prediction method based on EIS met OECD TG 439 requirements at all time points and had 95% within-laboratory reproducibility. Comparison with the MTT viability assay showed that prediction using EIS achieved higher sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. These results suggest that EIS could potentially replace animal testing in the evaluation of irritation potential and could be a valuable addition to in vitro testing strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Tool for Predicting Skin Irritation on Reconstructed Human Epidermis Models Based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

et al. 2023

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“…20 Moisture, occlusion and friction are well-known causes of irritant contact dermatitis. 21 Therefore, exposure to wetness related to not wearing water-resistant footwear when working outside, sweating in footwear made of occlusive materials or friction caused by illfitting footwear could be possible causes of irritant contact dermatitis of the feet. The occupational footwear fitted well in the majority of patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programme for prevention of foot dermatoses in patients with work‐related skin diseases: Baseline data and first results of a prospective cohort study (OCCUPES)

Brans,

John,

Wilke

et al. 2023

Contact Dermatitis

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BackgroundProgrammes for prevention of hand dermatoses in patients with work‐related skin diseases (WRSD) are well established. Similar interventions for foot dermatoses (FD) are widely missing.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of a programme for prevention of FD based on health education in patients with WRSD while investigating the impact and possible causative factors of FD.MethodsIn a prospective cohort study (OCCUPES), 231 patients with WRSD and FD participating in the programme were recruited. The skin was examined and questionnaires were completed, including assessment of footwear, FD severity, symptoms and health‐related quality of life.ResultsThe baseline and some early results are presented. A work‐related causation of FD was likely in 60 patients (26.0%) with irritant contact dermatitis being the most frequent diagnosis. Work‐related FD were associated with male sex (p = 0.012), sweating in footwear (p = 0.004) and wearing of safety footwear (p = 0.013). FD were often long‐lasting with a high degree of work‐absenteeism, quality of life impairment, itch and pain, particularly in work‐related FD.ConclusionsInterventions are needed to reduce the burden of FD in patients with WRSD. The programme addresses current shortcomings in prevention of FD. A long‐term evaluation of its effectiveness follows.

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“…Still, there seems to be more challenges when employing the accelerometers in children when compared to adults. In terms of skin reactions, the skin of children may be slightly more sensitive, that is, prone to irritant reactions, than the skin of adults (Patel & Nixon, 2022). In relation to adhesion and wear time, adults may have higher awareness of protecting the device and thus keeping the accelerometer in place compared to children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrity and Performance of Four Tape Solutions for Mounting Accelerometry Devices: Lolland-Falster Health Study

Petersen

Brønd

Benfeldt

et al. 2022

Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour

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Background: Tape-mounted Axivity AX3 accelerometers are increasingly being used to monitor physical activity of individuals, but studies on the integrity and performance of diffe1rent attachment protocols are missing. Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to evaluate four attachment protocols with respect to skin reactions, adhesion, and wear time in children and adults using tape-mounted Axivity AX3 accelerometers and to evaluate the associated ease of handling. Methods: We used data from the Danish household-based population study, the Lolland-Falster Health Study. Participants were instructed to wear accelerometers for seven consecutive days and to complete a questionnaire on skin reactions and issues relating to adhesion. A one-way analysis of variance was used to examine differences in skin reactions and adhesion between the protocols. A Tukey post hoc test compared group means. Ease of handling was assessed throughout the data collection. Results: In total, 5,389 individuals were included (1,289 children and 4,100 adults). For both children and adults, skin reactions were most frequent in Protocols 1 and 2. Adhesion problems were most frequent in Protocol 3. Wear time was longest in Protocol 4. Skin reactions and adhesion problems were more frequent in children compared to adults. Adults achieved longest wear time. Discussion: Covering the skin completely with adhesive tape seemed to cause skin reactions. Too short pieces of fixation tape caused accelerometers to fall off. Protocols necessitating removal of remains of glue on the accelerometers required a lot of work. Conclusion: The last of the four protocols was superior in respect to skin reactions, adhesion, wear time, and ease of handling.

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Irritant Contact Dermatitis — a Review

Cited by 37 publications

References 125 publications

Improved Tool for Predicting Skin Irritation on Reconstructed Human Epidermis Models Based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Improved Tool for Predicting Skin Irritation on Reconstructed Human Epidermis Models Based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Programme for prevention of foot dermatoses in patients with work‐related skin diseases: Baseline data and first results of a prospective cohort study (OCCUPES)

Integrity and Performance of Four Tape Solutions for Mounting Accelerometry Devices: Lolland-Falster Health Study

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