Irritant contact dermatitis caused by sap of rengas

Abstract

Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is an inflammation of skin caused by direct cytotoxic effects of chemical, physical or biological agents on epidermal cells without a presence of specific antibody production. It was reported that a 40-year-old man, complaining of itching and a burned sensation on his skins accompanied by pain after contaminated by sap of Rengas. Diagnosis of ICD was established by history taking and physical examination: there are erythematous, multiple, discrete papules, partly necrotic-erythematous skin base on his forearm and right lower abdomen. The patient was treated with mometasone furoate smeared and antihistamines once a night. A characteristic of the sap is black on its woods. Compounds of the sap contain ursiol, rengol, glutarengol, laccol and thitsiol that are irritants causing the ICD. Dermatitis kontak iritan (DKI) adalah peradangan pada kulit akibat efek sitotoksik langsung dari bahan kimia, fisik atau agen biologis pada sel-sel epidermis tanpa disertai adanya produksi anti-bodi yang spesifik. Dilaporkan kasus seorang laki-laki berumur 40 tahun, mengeluh gatal dan adanya rasa panas disertai perih setelah terkena getah pohon Rengas. Diagnosis Dermatitis kontak iritan ditegakkan dengan anamnesis dan gambaran klinis, berupa papul eritematosa, multiple,diskret, sebagian tampak nekrotik dengan dasar kulit yang eritematosa pada lengan bawah dan bagian perut bawah kanan. Penatalaksanaan kasus dengan mometason furoat yang dioles dua kali sehari dan antihistamin yang diminum satu kali sehari malam. Getah pohon Rengas mempunyai karaateristik getah yang berwarna hitam pada batangnya. Senyawa getah Rengas mengandung ursiol, rengol, glutarengol, laccol dan thitsiol yang diduga merupakan bahan iritan dalam kasus ini sebagai penyebab dermatitis kontak iritan.

Relationship of Hand Sanitizer Usage Frequency with the Incidence of Irritant Contact Dermatitis during COVID-19 Pandemic

“…17 Irritant contact dermatitis is influenced by endogenic factors, such as age, genetics, sex, and history of atopic dermatitis as well as exogenous factors, which are contact with irritant agents, mechanic factors, and climate conditions. 18 Irritant agents may cause a wide range of skin damage, from lipid layer structure damage, edema, to protein denaturation on stratum corneum which in turn may damage the skin deeper up to the dermal layer. 8 The most important characteristic of skin barrier is TEWL, which is to maintain skin hydration in order to prevent irritation.…”