Is human–rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) conflict in India a case of human–human conflict?

Anand, Shaurabh; Radhakrishna, S.

doi:10.1007/s13280-020-01324-w

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, such measures were not effective in preventing/minimizing crop raiding (Saraswat et al 2015). Sterilization of macaques were also tested in Himachal Pradesh of India, but they were not effective either (Saraswat et al 2015;Anand & Radhakrishna 2020). Sekhar (1998) reported watch tower was the most effective and safer measure in Rajasthan, India but according to our respondents it was not financially feasible in KNP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In other regions of Nepal techniques like mesh wire fencing, electric fencing, beehive fencing and chilly fencing, trenches are being used (Banikoi 2012;Lamichhane et al 2018). Habitat enrichment programwhich addresses the food shortage faced by the Rhesus Macaque by planting of fruit plantations in forests might help them to reduce dependence on human crops (Anand & Radhakrishna 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop raiding and livestock predation by wildlife in Khaptad National Park, Nepal

Bashyal¹,

Sharma²,

Koirala³

et al. 2022

J. Threat. Taxa

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Crop raiding and livestock predation are major conservation problems throughout most protected areas in Nepal, including the Khaptad National Park (KNP). However, no information exists on the extent of crop raiding, livestock predation, and animal attacks among villages surrounding KNP. We conducted a survey of 304 households in 30 villages in four districts (Bajhang, Bajura, Doti, and Achham) in the buffer zone of KNP between 24 May and 20 June 2019, using the snowball sampling technique. All households experienced numerous major incidents of crop raiding between April 2017 and May 2019. Major wildlife involved were Wild Boar Sus scrofa, Himalayan Black Bear Ursus thibetanus, Rhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta, Barking Deer Muntiacus vaginalis, Common Leopard Panthera pardus, Golden Jackal Canis aureus, and Porcupine Hystrix spp. Of the 304 households, all had their crops raided over the past two years, 55.5% (n = 169) faced livestock predation, and 2% (n = 6) attacks resulting in death or injury. Over 40% of households reported taking mitigation measures to minimize crop raiding. Common measures such as night guarding, noise making, use of scarecrows, watch dogs, and fencing were practiced. More than half of respondents had negative opinions towards wildlife but they still believed that wildlife should be conserved. There was no or negligible correlation between general opinion of respondents towards wildlife and wildlife conservation with their education, sex, or involvement in natural resources management group. We established baseline information on crop raiding and livestock predation in villages surrounding KNP. Gathered information will be transmitted to relevant authorities to design and implement measures to mitigate such conflicts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop raiding and livestock predation by wildlife in Khaptad National Park, Nepal

Bashyal¹,

Sharma²,

Koirala³

et al. 2022

J. Threat. Taxa

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The frequency of different keywords in each cluster is presented using a word cloud (Fig. 2 ; Bercht and Wijermans 2019 ; Anand and Radhakrishna 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What determines the success and failure of environmental crowdfunding?

Kubo

Veríssimo

Uryu

et al. 2021

Ambio

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Online crowdfunding can help address the perennial financial shortfalls in environmental conservation and management. Although many online crowdfunding campaigns fail to collect any funds due to not achieving their targets, little is known about what drives success. To address this knowledge gap, we applied a mixed-methods approach to data from 473 successful and failed campaigns hosted on the online crowdfunding platform Readyfor. We found that fundraising performance varied by topic, with campaigns on pet animal management outperforming those focussed on landscape management and sustainable use. We also found that marketing strategies associated with online findability and increased reach through social networks, increased fundraising success. However, the existence of other environmental campaigns running simultaneously, reduced the chance of success, which implies that the selecting popular topics does not always increase the likelihood of success due to increased competition. Wider applications of marketing could enhance the ability of environmental crowdfunding campaigns to raise funds.

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“…The number of relevant actors and stakeholders in this case is manifold including provincial conservation agencies, a community reserve, and even a railway company. Others have demonstrated how such multi-stakeholder environments can lead to varying degrees of buy-in to compensation, even within individual organizational hierarchies [65]. This translates into more coordinated action needed across a range of relevant partners, a process admittedly more complex and resource-intensive than bilateral arrangements.…”

Section: Compensation Schemes and Their Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paying for the Past: The Importance of Fulfilling Promises as a Key Component to Resolving Human–Wildlife Conflict

Anthony

2021

Sustainability

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Damage-causing animals (DCAs) originating from protected areas which inflict damage on persons and property are particularly contentious when promises to satisfactorily address such conflicts, either by protected areas or other management institutions, are left unfulfilled. Human–wildlife conflicts (HWCs) of this nature can erode trust and if not adequately resolved, assure the maintenance of tense relationships between parks and neighboring communities. This paper, based on archival research, interviews and community focus groups, examines management responses to the long history of DCAs exiting the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa. First, I document historical promises of compensation and the subsequent responses by conservation agencies to local communities to address these past injustices. Recent strategies to the DCA problem at KNP have been multi-faceted and include a wildlife damage compensation scheme initiated in 2014 which entails financial retribution given to affected farmers who have lost, and continue to lose, livestock to DCAs originating from the park from 2008 to date. I then present livestock farmers’ recent perceptions of DCAs, the compensation scheme itself, and proposed avenues for going forward. Despite continuing challenges in the process, I demonstrate that fulfilling promises is a key step to building relational trust and legitimacy and must be considered in similar contexts where protected areas and other conservation agencies are key actors in managing HWC.

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Is human–rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) conflict in India a case of human–human conflict?

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Crop raiding and livestock predation by wildlife in Khaptad National Park, Nepal

Crop raiding and livestock predation by wildlife in Khaptad National Park, Nepal

What determines the success and failure of environmental crowdfunding?

Paying for the Past: The Importance of Fulfilling Promises as a Key Component to Resolving Human–Wildlife Conflict

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