Is it the time to study air pollution effects under environmental conditions? A case study to support the shift of in vitro toxicology from the bench to the field

Gualtieri, Maurizio; Grollino, Maria Giuseppa; Consales, Claudia; Costabile, Francesca; Manigrasso, Maurizio; Avino, Pasquale; Aufderheide, Michaela; Cordelli, Eugenia; Liberto, Luca Di; Petralia, Ettore; Raschellà, Giuseppe; Stracquadanio, Milena; Wiedensohler, Alfred; Pacchierotti, Francesca; Zanini, Gabriele

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.130

Cited by 47 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Finally, sufficient controls have to be done to obtain trustworthy results [118]. A very few recent studies investigated the impact of real air (ambient or indoor air) on cultured human lung cells [118][119][120]. Firstly, to assess the indoor air quality of a pool, an ALI exposure device quite similar to the one used in our study was directly placed at the pool side of the non-swimmer pool [120].…”

Section: Consequence Of Short Term Exposure To Ambient Air Pollution mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purpose of this study was to be used as a basis for future research, helping to determine which pollutants or combination of pollutants are most important to overall toxicity. Therefore, studies such as ours or that of Zanini's team were carried out in order to understand the mechanisms of action of real atmospheric pollutant [119]. Relationships between aerosols variability due to SB dynamics and its toxicological impact in short-term and at local scale is also currently poorly understood.…”

Section: Consequence Of Short Term Exposure To Ambient Air Pollution mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Sea Breeze Dynamics on Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Toxicity in Industrial and Urban Coastal Environments

et al. 2020

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Sea breeze (SB) phenomena may strongly influence air quality and lead to important effects on human health. In order to study the impact of SB dynamics on the properties and toxicity of aerosols, an atmospheric mobile unit was deployed during a field campaign performed in an urbanized and industrialized coastal area in Northern France. This unit combines aerosol samplers, two scanning lidars (Doppler and elastic) and an air-liquid interface (ALI, Vitrocell®) in vitro cell exposure device. Our study highlights that after the passage of an SB front, the top of the atmospheric boundary layer collapses as the thermal internal boundary layer (TIBL) develops, which leads to high aerosol extinction coefficient values (>0.4 km−1) and an increase of PM2.5 and NOx concentrations in the SB current. The number-size distribution of particles indicates a high proportion of fine particles (with diameter below 500 nm), while the volume-size distribution shows a major mode of coarse particles centered on 2–3 µm. Individual particle analyses performed by cryo-transmission scanning electron microscopy (cryo-TSEM)-EDX highlights that submicronic particles contained a high fraction of secondary compounds, which may result from nucleation and/or condensation of condensable species (vapors or gaseous species after photo-oxidation). Secondary aerosol (SA) formation can be enhanced in some areas, by the interaction between the SB flow and the upper continental air mass, particularly due to the effect of both turbulence and temperature/humidity gradients between these two contrasting air masses. Potential areas of SA formation are located near the ground, during the SB front passage and in the vicinity of the SB current top. During the sea breeze event, an increase in the oxidative stress and inflammation processes in exposed lung cells, compared to the unexposed cells, can also be seen. In some instances, short singularity periods are observed during SB, corresponding to a double flow structure. It consists of two adjacent SB currents that induce an important increase of the TIBL top, improving the pollutants dispersion. This is associated with a substantial decrease of aerosol mass concentrations.

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Section: Consequence Of Short Term Exposure To Ambient Air Pollution mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consequence Of Short Term Exposure To Ambient Air Pollution mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Sea Breeze Dynamics on Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Toxicity in Industrial and Urban Coastal Environments

et al. 2020

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“…However, given the significant artefacts produced by the particulate sampling and the extraction procedures, normally used for toxicological tests, only the modification of the paradigm so far applied, that is, sampling-extraction-exposure, into a new one based on direct exposure, may help to understand in more detail why particulates from different places of the world are driving similar (or not) health responses in the exposed population. According to this new paradigm, we reported recently [98] the effects of fine PM and UFP on bronchial in vitro models exposed at the air-liquid interface (ALI) directly under environmental conditions. Our results showed, for the first time, the feasibility of using in vitro models for direct exposure to airborne aerosols, and the importance of UFP number and median diameter in triggering oxidative responses in exposed cells.…”

Section: Ultrafine Pmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results agree with those reported in another study [99], which evaluated the capability of different PM 10 size fractions to induce DNA damage in a cell-free system, showing that UFP was a potent inducer of damage. Moreover, the direct exposure allowed us to identify the relative importance of primary anthropogenic and secondary PM, and related sources of emissions, on the effects determined in exposed cells and to find interesting correlation with human biomarkers of exposure [98,100]. Significantly, our approach was performed without complex procedures aimed at replicating airborne PM [101,102].…”

Section: Ultrafine Pmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of understanding the biological effects of air pollution under realistic exposure conditions, which represent the real particle concentration exposure experienced by a population, has been largely evoked in recent papers [96]. Nonetheless the number of papers published during the last years is still scanty [98]. The reasons for this may be related to the complexity in setting up all the systems required for direct exposure (PM cut-off, particle diameters number distribution, ALI module, etc.)…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fifteen Years of Airborne Particulates in Vitro Toxicology in Milano: Lessons and Perspectives Learned

Longhin

Mantecca

Gualtieri

2020

IJMS

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Air pollution is one of the world’s leading environmental causes of death. The epidemiological relationship between outdoor air pollution and the onset of health diseases associated with death is now well established. Relevant toxicological proofs are now dissecting the molecular processes that cause inflammation, reactive species generation, and DNA damage. In addition, new data are pointing out the role of airborne particulates in the modulation of genes and microRNAs potentially involved in the onset of human diseases. In the present review we collect the relevant findings on airborne particulates of one of the biggest hot spots of air pollution in Europe (i.e., the Po Valley), in the largest urban area of this region, Milan. The different aerodynamic fractions are discussed separately with a specific focus on fine and ultrafine particles that are now the main focus of several studies. Results are compared with more recent international findings. Possible future perspectives of research are proposed to create a new discussion among scientists working on the toxicological effects of airborne particles.

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Simple and efficient method to detach intact PM10 from field filters: Elements recovery assessment

Massimi

Astolfi

Canepari

2022

Atmospheric Pollution Research

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Is it the time to study air pollution effects under environmental conditions? A case study to support the shift of in vitro toxicology from the bench to the field

Cited by 47 publications

References 56 publications

Impact of Sea Breeze Dynamics on Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Toxicity in Industrial and Urban Coastal Environments

Impact of Sea Breeze Dynamics on Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Toxicity in Industrial and Urban Coastal Environments

Fifteen Years of Airborne Particulates in Vitro Toxicology in Milano: Lessons and Perspectives Learned

Simple and efficient method to detach intact PM10 from field filters: Elements recovery assessment

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