Is LAD encasement a common substrate component in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?

Mid-Ventricular Ballooning in Atherosclerotic and Non-Atherosclerotic Abnormalities of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery

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Myocardial coronary bridging [1], encasement [2], and mid-LAD rigid straightening [3][4][5] appears to be epiphenomenon of takotsubo syndrome [6], rather than causing the disease. Typical takotsubo syndrome usually lasts only a few weeks, but chronic takotsubo cardiomyopathy is reported [7].

In a series of meanwhile 10 cases rigid straightening of the mid-portion of the left anterior descending coronary artery without lumen reduction mid-ventricular or basal ballooning was reported, or both basal and mid-ventricular ballooning in one case [4].

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“…Myocardial coronary bridging [1], encasement [2], and mid-LAD rigid straightening [3][4][5] appears to be epiphenomenon of takotsubo syndrome [6], rather than causing the disease. Typical takotsubo syndrome usually lasts only a few weeks, but chronic takotsubo cardiomyopathy is reported [7].…”