Is Measuring Serum Antioxidant Capacity Clinically Useful?

Woodford, F. Peter; Whitehead, T. P.

doi:10.1177/000456329803500105

Cited by 64 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Clinically, antioxidants were classified into two groups: preventive and chainbreaking antioxidants. SOD is one of the chain-breaking antioxidants, while CAT is the preventive antioxidant enzyme [28,29]. By comparing the activities of erythrocytes SOD and CAT in our results, we found that there was a significant decrement in the activities of erythrocyte SOD and CAT in daily Khat chewers relevant to the control (non-Khat chewers).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Effect of Daily Chewing Soft Buds and Leaves of Catha edulis (Khat) on the Antioxidant Defense System and Oxidative Stress Markers in Blood

et al. 2014

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Catha edulis (Khat) is one of the major economic, social and health problems in Yemen. This paper aimed to study the effect of Khat on the oxidative status of Khat chewers by measuring the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant as well as lipid peroxidation. The results exhibited significant reduction in erythrocytes superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC: 1.15.1.1), and catalase (CAT, EC: 1.11.1.6) in Khat chewers, in addition to elevation of serum glutathione-S-transferase (GST, EC: 2.5.1.18). Furthermore, non-enzymatic antioxidants glutathione (GSH) and vitamin C were significantly reduced ( p < 0.001; p < 0.015), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly elevated ( p < 0.001). The depletion of GSH and vitamin C along with MDA elevation in Khat chewers compared with control reflects the obvious oxidative status, a result of enormous reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, leading to membrane damage. ROS possibly induced by active components of Khat or by pesticides added to the Khat tree. In addition, the reduction of SOD and CAT is indicative to cellular proteins damage which occurred by ROS. As well, the elevation of GST may due to a leakage of cellular GST to blood stream; this implies that GST active site was not affected. This study concludes that daily chewing Khat for long period certainly induce ROS production, leading to oxidative toxicity. Both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants are involved in the protection against this toxicity. People who habitually chew Khat for long term will be susceptible to the oxidative toxicity; therefore, they recommended giving up of Khat chewing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Effect of Daily Chewing Soft Buds and Leaves of Catha edulis (Khat) on the Antioxidant Defense System and Oxidative Stress Markers in Blood

et al. 2014

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“…In another study, OLT was reported to result in about twofold elevation of red blood cell MDA and plasma lipid peroxide levels 120 min after reperfusion (24). However, the clinical utility of plasma TAC assays is questioned because many factors including diet and altered metabolic pathways may falsely contribute to TAC independent of oxidative stress (1,12,13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, TAC assays have also several drawbacks and limitations (1,12,13). There is evidence that several clinical, metabolic, or physiological conditions, not necessarily correlated with oxidative stress, may contribute to TAC of the plasma, thus potentially leading to questionable conclusions regarding the status of oxidative stress (reviewed in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Oxidative Stress Change During Orthotopic Liver Transplantation?

Tsikas

2017

jcbmr

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In clinical ischemia/reperfusion injury, damage resulting from oxidative and nitrosative stress is generally considered crucial for graft functioning. Yet, there is reasonable doubt that modern clinical transplantation including orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is associated with elevation of oxidative and nitrosative stress upon organ reoxygenation. We measured two biomarkers of oxidative stress, 15(S)-8-iso-prostaglandin F 2α (15(S)-8-iso-PGF 2α ) and cis-epoxyoctadecanoic acid (cis-EpOA), in human plasma during the entire time duration of OLT in nine patients suffering from end-stage liver disease. No considerable concentration changes of 15(S)-8-iso-PGF 2α and cis-EpOA were observed in plasma, indicating lack of oxidative stress. Creatinine-corrected urinary excretion of 15(S)-8-iso-PGF 2α in two urine samples collected 40-60 min and 60-240 min after reperfusion did not increase significantly. Previously, we found in the same patients that nitrosative stress, measured as 3-nitrotyrosine and 3-nitrotyrosinoalbumin, is elevated in the patients but did not change during OLT. 15(S)-8-iso-PGF 2α , cis-EpOA, 3-nitrotyrosine and other widely used biomarkers of oxidative stress, notably malondialdehyde (MDA), are produced both by chemical and enzymatic reactions. This important issue is rarely considered in the area of oxidative and nitrosative stress. In addition, many widely used analytical approaches such as the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay to quantitate oxidative and nitrosative stress in health and disease and during clinical transplantation lack reliability. New basic concepts of oxidative and nitrosative stress need to be drafted and implemented in vitro as well as in vivo in experimental and clinical settings.

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“…Free radicals are also produced in different physiological processes under normal conditions. ROS action is typically limited by physiologically active antioxidant defense mechanisms [22]. Where the production of oxidative damaged molecules is enhanced, this is followed by an impairment of defense that leads to the accumulation of toxic products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysfunctional lamins as mediators of oxidative stress in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy

Niebrój-Dobosz¹,

Sokołowska²,

Madej-Pilarczyk³

et al. 2017

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A b s t r a c t Deficit of lamin A/C or emerin causes genetically transmitted Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD). As lamins are considered to be mediators of oxidative stress, the antioxidant/oxidant status was examined. The total oxidant/ antioxidant status in serum was examined in 29 cases of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. The study included 12 autosomal-dominant laminopathies (AD-EDMD), 17 X-linked emerinopathies (X-EDMD) and 20 age-matched normal subjects. Total oxidant status (TOS) was reduced in all cases, and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was found to be decreased in the majority of the patients (in 82.8%). A relationship between TOS level and disease progression was noted. No correlation between TOS/TAC level and cardiological or neurological parameters was detected.The results of the study indicate disturbances of redox balance in EDMD patients. Determination of TOS/TAC might help to assess the progress of the disease and the potential effectiveness of antioxidant therapy.

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Is Measuring Serum Antioxidant Capacity Clinically Useful?

Cited by 64 publications

References 49 publications

Effect of Daily Chewing Soft Buds and Leaves of Catha edulis (Khat) on the Antioxidant Defense System and Oxidative Stress Markers in Blood

Effect of Daily Chewing Soft Buds and Leaves of Catha edulis (Khat) on the Antioxidant Defense System and Oxidative Stress Markers in Blood

Does Oxidative Stress Change During Orthotopic Liver Transplantation?

Dysfunctional lamins as mediators of oxidative stress in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy

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