Is priming during anesthesia unconscious?

Deeprose, Catherine; Andrade, Jackie

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2005.05.003

Cited by 48 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…It is a form of implicit memory and can occur even when conscious memory for the stimulus is not available (Deeprose & Andrade, 2006;Henson, 2003; Roediger & McDermott, 1993;Schacter & Buckner, 1998;Schacter, Chiu, & Ochsner, 1993). Repetition priming is typically measured using indirect tests of memory, which make no explicit reference to the prior encounter with the stimulus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global familiarity of visual stimuli affects repetition-related neural plasticity but not repetition priming

et al. 2008

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In this study we tested the prediction of the component process model of priming (Henson, 2003) that repetition priming of familiar and unfamiliar objects produces qualitatively different neural repetition effects. In an fMRI study, subjects viewed four repetitions of familiar objects and globally unfamiliar objects with familiar components. Reliable behavioral priming occurred for both item types across the four presentations and was of a similar magnitude for both stimulus types. The imaging data was analyzed using multivariate linear modeling, which permits explicit testing of the hypothesis that the repetition effects for familiar and unfamiliar objects are qualitatively different (i.e., non-scaled versions of one another). The results showed the presence of two qualitatively different latent spatial patterns of repetition effects from presenation one to presentation four for familiar and unfamilar objects, indicating that familiarity with an object's global structural, semantic, or lexical features is an important factor in priming-related neural plasticity. The first latent spatial pattern strongly weighted regions with a similar repetition effect for both item types. The second pattern strongly weighted regions contributing a repetition suppression effect for the familiar objects and repetition enhancement for the unfamiliar objects, particularly the posterior insula, superior temporal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and cingulate cortex. This differential repetition effect might reflect the formation of novel memory representations for the unfamiliar items, which already exist for the familiar objects, consistent with the component-process model of priming. Keywords fMRI; priming; multivariate linear models; objects; repetition enhancement; repetition suppressionRepetition priming refers to a behavioral change in the speed, accuracy, or bias of processing a stimulus due to prior exposure to the stimulus (e.g., Tulving & Schacter, 1990). It is a form of implicit memory and can occur even when conscious memory for the stimulus is not available (Deeprose & Andrade, 2006;Henson, 2003; Roediger & McDermott, 1993;Schacter & Buckner, 1998;Schacter, Chiu, & Ochsner, 1993). Repetition priming is typically measured using indirect tests of memory, which make no explicit reference to the prior encounter with the stimulus. It has been observed both when the same (e.g., Habeck, et al., 2006;Henson, Rylands, Ross, Vuilleumeir, & Rugg, 2004) or different (Liu & Cooper, 2001; Soldan, Mangels, Cooper, 2006) tasks are performed during the initial and repeated presentation of a stimulus.Corresponding author mailing address: Anja Soldan, Ph.D., Taub Institute, P & S Box 16, 630 West 168 th Street, New York, NY 10032, E-mail: as1578@columbia.edu, Tel: (646) Fax: Fax: (757) 221-3896. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, type...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global familiarity of visual stimuli affects repetition-related neural plasticity but not repetition priming

et al. 2008

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“…[80][81][82] Some researchers have chosen to use a combination of the BIS monitor and carefully designed memory tests to eliminate some of the inherent challenges of either method alone. 83 Ghoneim published a review in which he describes various methods of testing implicit and explicit memory. 84 He also cites studies of others who have used one or more of these investigative tools, individually or in combination, to assess the character of memory that may be obtained in the unconscious state.…”

Section: Priming and Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A third test involves modified process association, which is a derivative of the previous ones. 83,84,86 Evidence suggests that implicit memory priming can be facilitated by surgical stimulation under anesthesia. 87,88 In part, this seems plausible because cortisol is released into circulating blood as a response to surgical stress, which then activates the amygdala.…”

Section: Priming and Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deeprose and Andrade 83 hypothesized that under anesthesia, learning of words is facilitated by surgical stimulation. In other words, they compared the effect of priming during the interval between induction of unconsciousness and commencement of surgery to that of priming after the first surgical incision.…”

Section: Priming and Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…91 The duration of the stimulus response (latency) and the amplitude of the signal are the measurable parameters. 83 Thornton and Sharpe 92 discovered that anesthesia reduces the amplitude and increases the latency of the evoked auditory response.…”

Section: Priming and Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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