Is sunlight exposure a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Sui, Guoyuan; Liu, Guang-Cong; Liu, Guangying; Gao, Yanyan; Deng, Yan; Wang, Wenying; Tong, Shuhui; Wang, Lie

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-302281

Cited by 176 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although epidemiological evidence of an association between sunlight exposure and AMD has been inconsistent over the years (48)(49)(50), recent studies have provided supported for such a link (51)(52)(53). The adverse consequences of lipofuscin bisretinoid photodegradation could be a pathway that explains this relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodegradation of retinal bisretinoids in mouse models and implications for macular degeneration

Ueda

Zhao

Kim

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

111

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Adducts of retinaldehyde (bisretinoids) form nonenzymatically in photoreceptor cells and accumulate in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells as lipofuscin; these fluorophores are implicated in the pathogenesis of inherited and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Here we demonstrate that bisretinoid photodegradation is ongoing in the eye. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of eyes of dark-reared and cyclic light-reared wild-type mice, together with comparisons of pigmented versus albino mice, revealed a relationship between intraocular light and reduced levels of the bisretinoids A2E and A2-glycero-phosphoethanolamine (A2-GPE). Analysis of the bisretinoids A2E, A2-GPE, A2-dihydropyridinephosphatidylethanolamine (A2-DHP-PE), and all-trans-retinal dimerphosphatidylethanolamine (all-trans-retinal dimer-PE) also decreases in albino Abca4 −/− mice reared in cyclic light compared with darkness. In albino Abca4 −/− mice receiving a diet supplemented with the antioxidant vitamin E, higher levels of RPE bisretinoid were evidenced by HPLC analysis and quantitation of fundus autofluorescence; this effect is consistent with photooxidative processes known to precede bisretinoid degradation. Amelioration of outer nuclear layer thinning indicated that vitamin E treatment protected photoreceptor cells. Conversely, in-cage exposure to short-wavelength light resulted in reduced fundus autofluorescence, decreased HPLC-quantified A2E, outer nuclear layer thinning, and increased methylglyoxal (MG)-adducted protein. MG was also released upon bisretinoid photodegradation in cells. We suggest that the lower levels of these diretinal adducts in cyclic lightreared and albino mice reflect photodegradative loss of bisretinoid. These mechanisms may underlie associations among AMD risk, oxidative mechanisms, and lifetime light exposure.bisretinoid | visual cycle | retina | retinal pigment epithelium | macular degeneration

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodegradation of retinal bisretinoids in mouse models and implications for macular degeneration

Ueda

Zhao

Kim

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

111

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“…Light is an environmental factor that modulates the rate of many retinal diseases (1, 2), including age-related macular degeneration (3,4). Excessive light exposure in itself is damaging to the retina (5,6), and different experimental paradigms of light damage have been used to investigate the mechanism of photoreceptor cell apoptosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of the Unfolded Protein Response by Constitutive G-protein Signaling in Rod Photoreceptor Cells

Chen

2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Excessive light exposure and genetic mutations that act as "equivalent light" cause photoreceptor cell death. Results: Prolonged transducin signaling, but not channel closure, induces endoplasmic reticulum stress. Conclusion: Induction of UPR is a distinct cell death pathway caused by transducin signaling. Significance: Manipulation of UPR may prolong photoreceptor cell survival in transducin-induced retinal light damage.

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“…In a recent meta-analysis of 14 studies, of which 12 identified an increasing risk of AMD with greater sunlight exposure, but with only 6 reporting significant risks, the pooled OR was 1.379 (95% CI 1.091 to 1.745). In this meatanalysis, the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita was identified as a heterogeneity factor, with ORs significantly decreasing with increasing GDP per capita (Sui et al, 2013). The association of AMD with sunlight exposure was further confirmed by a recent population-based prospective study of 963 residents of Bordeaux (France), aged 73 years or more.…”

Section: Eyesmentioning

confidence: 55%

18-årsgrensen for solariebruk skal håndheves

Robsahm¹,

Stenehjem²,

Veierød

2017

Tidsskriftet

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Is sunlight exposure a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract: The epidemiological literature published to date indicates that individuals with more sunlight exposure are at a significantly increased risk of AMD. The OR significantly decreased with increasing GDP per capita.

Cited by 176 publications

References 18 publications

Photodegradation of retinal bisretinoids in mouse models and implications for macular degeneration

Photodegradation of retinal bisretinoids in mouse models and implications for macular degeneration

Induction of the Unfolded Protein Response by Constitutive G-protein Signaling in Rod Photoreceptor Cells

18-årsgrensen for solariebruk skal håndheves

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