Is there any effect of smoking status on severity and mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia?

Chouseın, Efsun Gonca Uğur; Çörtük, Mustafa; Çınarka, Halit; Tanrıverdi, Elif; Turan, Demet; Yıldırım, Binnaz Zeynep; Sezen, Celal Buğra; Özgül, Mehmet Akif

doi:10.5578/tt.70352

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The uncertainty regarding the role of smoking and nicotine on the risk for infection and COVID-19 severity might also impact smoking behaviors [34,35]. Several meta-analyses have suggested that former smokers are at increased risk for a severe disease [17,36,37], while other studies have shown that the proportion of smokers among infected patients was lower than expected [17,38]. This has raised the hypothesis that nicotine might play an immune-modulator protective role in the pathogenesis of the disease [39,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Smoking Behaviour and Home-Smoking Rules during the Initial COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Israel

Bar‐Zeev

Shauly

Lee

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused devastating impacts globally. To mitigate virus spread, Israel imposed severe restrictions during March–April 2020. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2020 among current and ex-smokers to explore changes in smoking behaviour and home-smoking rules during this period. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression examined associations between sociodemographic characteristics and perceived risk of infection and quitting smoking during the initial COVID-19 period. Current smoking was reported by 437 (66.2%) of the 660 participants, 46 (7%) quit during the initial restriction period, and 177 (26.8%) were ex-smokers. Nearly half (44.4%) of current smokers intensified their smoking, and 16% attempted to quit. Quitting during the COVID-19 period was significantly associated with higher education (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.97, 95% CI: 1.0–3.8), not living with a smoker (aOR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.0–4.4), and having an underlying chronic condition that increases risk for COVID-19 complications (aOR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.1–4.6). Both an increase in smoking behaviour and in attempts to quit smoking during the initial COVID-19 pandemic were evident in this sample of adult Israeli smokers. Governments need to use this opportunity to encourage smokers to attempt quitting and create smoke-free homes, especially during lockdown conditions, while providing mental and social support to all smokers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Smoking Behaviour and Home-Smoking Rules during the Initial COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Israel

Bar‐Zeev

Shauly

Lee

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…In other words, the disease diagnosis rate between the 8th and 11th months of the pandemic (November, December, January) was found to be high in our sample. In this result, we think the increase in the number of daily tests and the flexibility of the implementation of restrictions, measures and prohibitions across the country may have been effective (12,17,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In other words, contrary to what is known, the rate of COVID-19 diagnosis was found to be high in the individuals in our sample who did not smoke and/or did not have any chronic diseases. We think that the low rate of infection in the patients in our sample aged 65 and over may have occurred due to the frequent emphasis on the warning that they are at risk, as well as the strict social isolation practices imposed upon this age group (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Studies that reflect different views on the relationship between smoking and the disease have been conducted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients’ approach to medicines in COVID-19

Zorlu¹,

Bulut²,

HIZMALI³

et al. 2022

JECM

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Several different guidelines and therapeutic recommendations have been reported for the treatment of COVID-19 since the announcement of the pandemic. In our study, the attitudes and approaches of patients with a medical indication for COVID-19 who were given drugs towards drug usage were evaluated. We aimed to present our data on the drug usage characteristics of patients to contribute to the literature. A total of 399 patients were included in the study. In the study, 51.1% of the patients were female, and 48.9% were male. The highest number of the patients were in the 18-30 age group (27.6%), the lowest number of the patients were 65 years old or older (9.8%). Twenty-five questions prepared by the researchers were asked to the patients to evaluate "their knowledge and attitudes on drug usage and disease prevention in COVID-19." Of the patients, 75.7% were not smokers. No history of chronic disease was present in 65.5% of the patients. It was determined that no drug was recommended for 9.8% of the patients, and hydroxychloroquine and favipiravir were recommended together in 49.9%. The rate of the use of chloroquine alone was 4.8%, and the rate of using only favipiravir was 32.8%. Eighty-two percent of the patients reported that they regularly used the drugs that were recommended. Among the patients, 11.5% either never used the recommended drugs or did not use them at the recommended dose and time. Of the 46 (11.5%) patients who did not use the prescribed drugs regularly, none died. In other words, improvement was observed in the patients who did not use the drugs that were recommended to them. Our aim in this study was to determine the rate and characteristics of the drugs prescribed by physicians in diagnosed patients. In this cross-sectional sample of Turkey, it was determined that the rate of recommended drug usage was sufficient with the data of the city where the study was carried out.

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“…Some studies have shown that there is a higher rate of disease progression among smokers than those who have never smoked, and smoking is a risk factor for the progression of COVID-19 [5,6]. In other studies that evaluated the relationship between the smoking status and the severity, prognosis, and mortality of the disease, the eff ect of smoking on the severity of the disease, hospital stay, Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation need (NIMV), the requirement for Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and mortality was not statistically signifi cant [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

What has changed in the Opinions and Behaviors of Patients Admitted to the Pulmonology Outpatient Clinic during the Pandemic Period in one year? A Case Study in Turkey

Zorlu¹

2022

J Biomed Res Environ Sci

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Introduction and Purpose: Although the information on many aspects of COVID-19 was limited and the long-term consequences were not clear, our knowledge and experience regarding transmission, disease course, virus pathogenicity, treatments, complications, and vaccines increased. In the process, our social life, opinions, and behavior changed. In this study, we evaluated the pandemic period from the point of view of the patients. For this, the opinion and behavior of patients who were admitted to the chest diseases outpatient clinic were analyzed. Although the time of the end of the process could not be predicted, some predictions were reported. The study might be useful to plan for the pandemic, considering that the effects and course of the COVID-19 disease are not known. Materials and Methods: Between April 2020 and March 2021, 362 patients admitted to the chest diseases outpatient clinic at the Education Research Hospital were included in the study. The opinion and behavior of 176 patients were recorded in April 2020, and those of 186 patients were recorded in March 2021. The opinions, behaviors, and differences were evaluated in both periods; these characteristics were analyzed for variables such as age, sex, and occupation. Results: The mean age of the patients who participated in the study at the beginning of the pandemic was 46.1 ± 16.1 years and, in the 12th month of the pandemic, was 45.1 ± 15.1 years. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the education level and sex. The most common symptoms of patients admitted to the clinic in the second period were chest pain and weakness. The smoking cessation rate was higher in the first period of the pandemic. Compliance with social isolation rules decreased in the 12th month. The rate of patient recovery was 36%, and the drug use rate was 82.1%. Patients found the management of the pandemic to be insufficient in our country in the 12th month, while Turkish physicians evaluated it as successful in both periods. The number of people considering vaccination decreased after 12 months. Discussion and Conclusion: Social living rules, isolation, and the use of masks decreased over time. Informal social gatherings increased by the end of the first year compared to the first period of the pandemic. Young people paid less attention to the rules of social life and did not stop smoking. In the group of patients with a low education level, compliance with the drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19 and the smoking cessation rate decreased. Thus, strict restrictions should be imposed on individuals below 65 years. Current data on vaccines, along with the information on their effects and side effects, should be shared. This study showed that managing and controlling a crisis is easier when the level of education in the community is high.

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Is there any effect of smoking status on severity and mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia?

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Changes in Smoking Behaviour and Home-Smoking Rules during the Initial COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Israel

Changes in Smoking Behaviour and Home-Smoking Rules during the Initial COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Israel

Patients’ approach to medicines in COVID-19

What has changed in the Opinions and Behaviors of Patients Admitted to the Pulmonology Outpatient Clinic during the Pandemic Period in one year? A Case Study in Turkey

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