Is there any relationship between proinflammatory mediator levels in disc material and myelopathy with cervical disc herniation and spondylosis? A non-randomized, prospective clinical study

Demircan, Mehmet; Asir, Alparslan; Çetinkal, Ahmet; Gedik, Nursal; Kutlay, Ahmet Murat; Çolak, Ahmėt; Kurtar, Sedat; Şimşek, Hakan

doi:10.1007/s00586-007-0374-2

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Numerous studies report overexpression of TNF-α, IL-1α, and/or IL-1β, IFN-g and IL-6 in patients with protruded, extruded, or sequestered intervertebral disc tissues (14,15,(47)(48)(49)(50). Animal studies also confirm the role of these cytokines in mediating pain (51)(52)(53)(54).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Immune responses following McKenzie lumbar spine exercise in individuals with acute low back pain: A preliminary study

Al‐Obaidi

Mahmoud

2014

AMA

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Objective. This study explores the immune responses following 4 weeks of McKenzie lumbar spine exercise in individuals with acute low back pain (ALBP). Patients and methods. Fifteen patients with ALBP and 15 healthy individuals volunteered in this study. Ten ml of peripheral blood were obtained from each patient before and after exercise sessions, and from healthy individuals at the beginning of the study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Immune responses following McKenzie lumbar spine exercise in individuals with acute low back pain: A preliminary study

Al‐Obaidi

Mahmoud

2014

AMA

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“…This study investigated the involvement of inflammatory mediators through the study of lumbar degenerative, herniated, and cadaveric nondegenerated IVD tissues. Prior studies have contributed to understanding of inflammatory processes in pathologic IVD, demonstrating elevated production of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxane in herniated disc tissues (11, 20–22). Numerous studies also have revealed either higher expression or simply the presence of the proinflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL‐1α, and/or IL‐1β, IFNγ, and IL‐6 in protruded, extruded, or sequestered disc tissues (3, 4, 12, 20, 21, 23–25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory cytokine expression profile in degenerated and herniated human intervertebral disc tissues

Shamji

Setton

Jarvis

et al. 2010

Arthritis & Rheumatism

406

379

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Objective. Prior reports document macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration with proinflammatory cytokine expression in pathologic intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues. Nevertheless, the role of the Th17 lymphocyte lineage in mediating disc disease remains uninvestigated. We undertook this study to evaluate the immunophenotype of pathologic IVD specimens, including interleukin-17 (IL-17) expression, from surgically obtained IVD tissue and from nondegenerated autopsy control tissue.Methods. Surgical IVD tissues were procured from patients with degenerative disc disease (n ‫؍‬ 25) or herniated IVDs (n ‫؍‬ 12); nondegenerated autopsy control tissue was also obtained (n ‫؍‬ 8) from the anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus regions. Immunohistochemistry was performed for cell surface antigens (CD68 for macrophages, CD4 for lymphocytes) and various cytokines, with differences in cellularity and target immunoreactivity scores analyzed between surgical tissue groups and between autopsy control tissue regions.Results. Immunoreactivity for IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, and interferon-␥ (IFN␥) was modest in surgical IVD tissue, although expression was higher in herniated IVD samples and virtually nonexistent in control samples. The Th17 lymphocyte product IL-17 was present in >70% of surgical tissue fields, and among control samples was detected rarely in anulus fibrosus regions and modestly in nucleus pulposus regions. Macrophages were prevalent in surgical tissues, particularly herniated IVD samples, and lymphocytes were expectedly scarce. Control tissue revealed lesser infiltration by macrophages and a near absence of lymphocytes.Conclusion. Greater IFN␥ positivity, macrophage presence, and cellularity in herniated IVDs suggests a pattern of Th1 lymphocyte activation in this pathology. Remarkable pathologic IVD tissue expression of IL-17 is a novel finding that contrasts markedly with low levels of IL-17 in autopsy control tissue. These findings suggest involvement of Th17 lymphocytes in the pathomechanism of disc degeneration.

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“…TNFα is spontaneously produced by IVD tissues ex vivo [5,6], is expressed at higher levels in herniated IVD tissues from symptomatic patients compared to asymptomatic or autoptic controls, and its expression levels increase with increasing radiographic grade of degeneration in the IVD[1,7,8]. Macrophages are key producers of TNFα and their increased presence in herniated and degenerated IVD tissues has been suggested as one of several sources in the IVD[9–12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuation of Inflammatory Events in Human Intervertebral Disc Cells With a Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonist

Sinclair

Shamji

Chen

et al. 2011

Spine

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Study Design The inflammatory responses of primary human intervertebral disc (IVD) cells to tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) and an antagonist were evaluated in vitro. Objective To investigate an ability for soluble TNF receptor type II (sTNFRII) to antagonize tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) induced inflammatory events in primary human IVD cells in vitro. Summary of Background Data TNFα is a known mediator of inflammation and pain associated with radiculopathy, and IVD degeneration. Soluble TNF receptors (sTNFR) and their analogues are of interest for the clinical treatment of these IVD pathologies although information on the effects of sTNFR on human IVD cells remains unknown. Methods IVD cells were isolated from surgical tissues procured from 15 patients and cultured with or without 1.4 nM TNFα (25ng/ml). Treatment groups were co-incubated with varying doses of sTNFRII (12.5–100nM). Nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interleukin-6 (IL6) levels in media were quantified to characterize the inflammatory phenotype of the IVD cells. Results Across all patients, TNFα induced large, statistically significant increases in NO, PGE2, and IL6 secretion from IVD cells compared to controls (60, 112, and 4-fold increases, respectively; p < 0.0001). Coincubation of TNFα with nanomolar doses of sTNFRII significantly attenuated the secretion of NO and PGE2 in a dose-dependent manner, while IL6 levels were unchanged. Mean IC50 values for NO and PGE2 were found to be 35.1 nM and 20.5 nM, respectively. Conclusions Nanomolar concentrations of sTNFRII were able to significantly attenuate the effects of TNFα on primary human IVD cells in vitro. These results suggest this soluble TNF receptor to be a potent TNF antagonist with potential to attenuate inflammation in IVD pathology.

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Is there any relationship between proinflammatory mediator levels in disc material and myelopathy with cervical disc herniation and spondylosis? A non-randomized, prospective clinical study

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Immune responses following McKenzie lumbar spine exercise in individuals with acute low back pain: A preliminary study

Immune responses following McKenzie lumbar spine exercise in individuals with acute low back pain: A preliminary study

Proinflammatory cytokine expression profile in degenerated and herniated human intervertebral disc tissues

Attenuation of Inflammatory Events in Human Intervertebral Disc Cells With a Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonist

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