Isolated archosauriform teeth from the Upper Triassic Candelária Sequence (Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone, Southern Brazil)

Oliveira, Tiane Macedo de; Pinheiro, Felipe L.

doi:10.4072/rbp.2017.2.01

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Our relatively simple metrics can be used to describe subtle differences in tooth morphology. These objective methods for grouping teeth provide a complimentary method for assigning teeth to dietary roles, a practice that typically relies on qualitative comparisons to the teeth of extant taxa of known diet (Fraser & Walkden, 1983; Sander, 1999; Barrett, 2000; Hungerbühler, 2000) or other fossil taxa (Dzik, 2003; Hendrickx, Mateus & Araújo, 2015; De Oliveira & Pinheiro, 2017). Furthermore, the methods applied herein provide an evaluation of ecological disparity that is separate from the features used in phylogenetic analyses, so that we can compare these two evolutionary phenomena independently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The in situ teeth of Nundasuchus can exhibit either state depending on the proximity of the mesial edge of the crown to the distal edge of the preceding tooth. Although this combination of traits is only found in Nundasuchus in the Manda Beds fauna, archosauriforms from the Middle and Late Triassic elsewhere possess the same traits (De Oliveira & Pinheiro, 2017; Schoch et al, 2018).…”

Section: Isolated Tooth Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Reconstructing the archosaur radiation using a Middle Triassic archosauriform tooth assemblage from Tanzania

Hoffman

Edwards

Barrett

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Following the Permo–Triassic mass extinction, Archosauriformes—the clade that includes crocodylians, birds, and their extinct relatives outside crown Archosauria—rapidly diversified into many distinct lineages, became distributed globally, and, by the Late Triassic, filled a wide array of resource zones. Current scenarios of archosauriform evolution are ambiguous with respect to whether their taxonomic diversification in the Early–Middle Triassic coincided with the initial evolution of dietary specializations that were present by the Late Triassic or if their ecological disparity arose sometime after lineage diversification. Late Triassic archosauriform dietary specialization is recorded by morphological divergence from the plesiomorphic archosauriform tooth condition (laterally-compressed crowns with serrated carinae and a generally triangular lateral profile). Unfortunately, the roots of this diversification are poorly documented, with few known Early–Middle Triassic tooth assemblages, limiting characterizations of morphological diversity during this critical, early period in archosaur evolution. Recent fieldwork (2007–2017) in the Middle Triassic Manda Beds of the Ruhuhu Basin, Tanzania, recovered a tooth assemblage that provides a window into this poorly sampled interval. To investigate the taxonomic composition of that collection, we built a dataset of continuous quantitative and discrete morphological characters based on in situ teeth of known taxonomic status (e.g., Nundasuchus, Parringtonia: N = 65) and a sample of isolated teeth (N = 31). Using crown heights from known taxa to predict tooth base ratio (= base length/width), we created a quantitative morphospace for the tooth assemblage. The majority of isolated, unassigned teeth fall within a region of morphospace shared by several taxa from the Manda Beds (e.g., Nundasuchus, Parringtonia); two isolated teeth fall exclusively within a “Pallisteria” morphospace. A non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination (N = 67) of 11 binary characters reduced overlap between species. The majority of the isolated teeth from the Manda assemblage fall within the Nundasuchus morphospace. This indicates these teeth are plesiomorphic for archosauriforms as Nundasuchus exhibits the predicted plesiomorphic condition of archosauriform teeth. Our model shows that the conservative tooth morphologies of archosauriforms can be differentiated and assigned to species and/or genus, rendering the model useful for identifying isolated teeth. The large overlap in tooth shape among the species present and their overall similarity indicates that dietary specialization lagged behind species diversification in archosauriforms from the Manda Beds, a pattern predicted by Simpson’s “adaptive zones” model. Although applied to a single geographic region, our methods offer a promising means to reconstruct ecological radiations and are readily transferable across a broad range of vertebrate taxa throughout Earth history.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Isolated Tooth Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Reconstructing the archosaur radiation using a Middle Triassic archosauriform tooth assemblage from Tanzania

Hoffman

Edwards

Barrett

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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show abstract

“…Fraser & Walkden, 1983;Sander, 1999;Barrett, 2000;Hungerbühler, 2000) or other fossil taxa (e.g. Dzik, 2003;Hendrickx, Mateus & Araújo, 2015;de Oliveira & Pinheiro, 2017). Furthermore, the methods applied herein provide an evaluation of ecological disparity that is separate from the features used in phylogenetic analyses, so that we can compare these two evolutionary phenomena independently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Reconstructing the archosaur radiation using a Middle Triassic archosauriform tooth assemblage from Tanzania (v0.2)"

Melstrom¹

2019

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Following the Permo-Triassic mass extinction, Archosauriformes-the clade that includes crocodylians, birds, and their extinct relatives outside crown Archosauria-rapidly diversified into many distinct lineages, became distributed globally, and, by the Late Triassic, filled a wide array of resource zones. Current scenarios of archosauriform evolution are ambiguous with respect to whether their taxonomic diversification in the Early-Middle Triassic coincided with the initial evolution of dietary specializations that were present by the Late Triassic or if their ecological disparity arose sometime after lineage diversification. Late Triassic archosauriform dietary specialization is recorded by morphological divergence from the plesiomorphic archosauriform tooth condition (laterally-compressed crowns with serrated carinae and a generally triangular lateral profile). Unfortunately, the roots of this diversification are poorly documented, with few known Early-Middle Triassic tooth assemblages, limiting characterizations of morphological diversity during this critical, early period in archosaur evolution. Recent fieldwork (2007-2017) in the Middle Triassic Manda Beds of the Ruhuhu Basin, Tanzania, recovered a tooth assemblage that provides a window into this poorly sampled interval. To investigate the taxonomic composition of that collection, we built a dataset of continuous quantitative and discrete morphological characters based on in situ teeth of known taxonomic status (e.g., Nundasuchus, Parringtonia: N = 65) and a sample of isolated teeth (N = 31). Using crown heights from known taxa to predict tooth base ratio (= base length/width), we created a quantitative morphospace for the tooth assemblage. The majority of isolated, unassigned teeth fall within a region of morphospace shared by several taxa from the Manda Beds (e.g., Nundasuchus, Parringtonia); two isolated teeth fall exclusively within a 'Pallisteria' morphospace. A non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination (N = 67) of 11 binary characters reduced overlap between species. The majority of the isolated teeth from the Manda assemblage fall within the Nundasuchus

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“…The Pivetta site yields conchostracans, actinopterygians, lungifsh (Richter & Toledo, 2008), temnospondyls (Dias da Silva et al, 2012), rhynchosaurs (Langer et al, 2007), a silesaurid (Müller & Garcia, 2023), and indeterminate archosauriforms (De Oliveira & Pinheiro, 2017), most of which are still unpublished. It is noteworthy that this particular outcrop has provided an extensive amount of isolated archosauriform teeth; few of which have been described, including phytosaur and “rauisuchian”‐like morphotypes (De Oliveira & Pinheiro, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A saurischian (Archosauria, Dinosauria) ilium from the Upper Triassic of southern Brazil and the rise of Herrerasauria

Garcia,

Cabreira,

da Silva

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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The Carnian (Upper Triassic) rocks of the Candelária Sequence present a rich record of dinosaurs, including some of the oldest known dinosaurs worldwide. In this contribution we describe the first unequivocal dinosaur from the Pivetta site, located in the Restinga Sêca municipality, Southern Brazil. The specimen CAPPA/UFSM 0373 is an isolated but well‐preserved left ilium. A thorough examination of the specimen's anatomy and a phylogenetic analysis provides evidence that CAPPA/UFSM 0373 belongs to the Herrerasauria. We were able to identify several similarities with potential non‐herrerasaurid herrerasaurians (e.g., Tawa hallae, “Caseosaurus crosbyensis”), which were previously only known from North American deposits. In contrast, herrerasaurids (e.g., Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis) are almost exclusively known from South America. Our results support the nesting of CAPPA/UFSM 0373 as an early‐diverging herrerasaurian. Furthermore, this is potentially the first record of a non‐herrerasaurid herrerasaurian in unambiguous Carnian beds, suggesting a hidden diversity of dinosaurs in the Carnian rocks of the Candelária Sequence, which can be revealed even by fragmentary specimens.

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Isolated archosauriform teeth from the Upper Triassic Candelária Sequence (Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone, Southern Brazil)

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Reconstructing the archosaur radiation using a Middle Triassic archosauriform tooth assemblage from Tanzania

Reconstructing the archosaur radiation using a Middle Triassic archosauriform tooth assemblage from Tanzania

Peer Review #1 of "Reconstructing the archosaur radiation using a Middle Triassic archosauriform tooth assemblage from Tanzania (v0.2)"

A saurischian (Archosauria, Dinosauria) ilium from the Upper Triassic of southern Brazil and the rise of Herrerasauria

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