Isolated cavernous sinus extramedullary relapse of chronic myelogenous leukemia following allogeneic stem cell transplant

Martel, Cyprien; Reddy, Swapna; Greco, C.; Tuscano, Joseph M.; Richman, Carol M.; Wun, Theodore

doi:10.1007/s00277-001-0411-x

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…3. Myeloid sarcoma may be the first manifestation of relapse in patients previously treated for pri-mary or secondary acute leukemia, particularly after bone marrow transplantation [17,18] or in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia following allogenic stem cell transplant [19,20]. 4.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloid Sarcoma: Clinical and Morphologic Criteria Useful for Diagnosis

Audouin

Comperat²,

Tourneau³

et al. 2003

Int J Surg Pathol

117

107

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Extramedullary accumulation of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells form tumors called myeloid sarcoma in the WHO classification. Such tumors develop in lymphoid organs, bone (skull, orbit, etc.), skin, soft tissue, various mucosae and organs, and the CNS. They may precede or occur concurrently with acute myeloid leukemia, or reveal blastic transformation of chronic myeloproliferative disorders or myelodysplastic syndromes. They may also reveal relapses in treated patients. They are constituted by a diffuse infiltrate made up of medium-to-large cells. The cells are difficult to identify. Imprints are very useful. Immunohistochemistry can help diagnose and distinguish four variants: granulocytic myeloperoxidase (MPO+, CD 68+ [KP1+/-, PGM1-] lysozyme+, CD 34+/-), monoblastic (MPO-, CD 68+, [KP1+, PGM1+] lysozyme+, CD 34-), myelomonoblastic (MPO-, CD 68+, [KP1+, PGM1+] lysozyme+, CD 34-), or megakaryoblastic (positivity for factor VIII, CD 61, CD 31). Immunohistochemistry sometimes demonstrates expression of CD 43, CD 7, CD 79a, and CD 56 (particularly the monoblastic variant with t[8;21]). Recently the demonstration of CD 99 and CD 117, which can now be done on paraffin sections, may be useful to identify blasts of granulocytic origin. The diagnosis is missed in about 50% of cases when immunohistochemistry is not used. Patients with myeloid sarcomas should be treated in the same way as patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Disease progression and prognosis are similar for the two conditions.

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Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloid Sarcoma: Clinical and Morphologic Criteria Useful for Diagnosis

Audouin

Comperat²,

Tourneau³

et al. 2003

Int J Surg Pathol

117

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Patients in relapse after chemotherapy or stem cell transplant can also present with a granulocytic sarcoma. 8 Of note, a granulocytic sarcoma that develops with chronic phase CML confers a worse prognosis -ie, a higher risk of rapid blastic marrow transformation. 9 Any underlying CML associated with the granulocytic sarcoma will require appropriate treatment, such as with imatinib mesylate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare case of a granulocytic sarcoma: cytological evaluation

Mahadani¹,

Chide²,

Khandekar³

et al. 2016

Int J Res Med Sci

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Chloroma of the Testis After Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report

Yang

Chai

et al. 2004

The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie

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Chloroma, or granulocytic sarcoma, is a rare extramedullary solid hematologic cancer that affects many sites, usually in concert with acute myeloid leukemia. It is infrequently associated with other myeloproliferative disorders or chronic myelogenous leukemia. Chloroma of the testis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is particularly sparsely represented in the literature. It is often incorrectly diagnosed as malignant lymphoma, especially large-cell lymphoma, owing to the similarity of the histologic morphology, scanty eosinophilic myelocytes, and no or overlooked history of leukemia. Although erroneous diagnosis is decreasing with the advent of ancillary studies, the diagnosis of chloroma continues to be a nightmare for pathologists. It is thus suggested that an appropriate panel of marker studies be performed in conjunction with clinical correlation and circumspection to avoid reaching a misleading conclusion and improper treatment of patients. We report an interesting case of a 35-year-old male with a clinical history of chronic myelogenous leukemia post allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and complete molecular remission, who was found to have chloroma of the left testis.

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Isolated cavernous sinus extramedullary relapse of chronic myelogenous leukemia following allogeneic stem cell transplant

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Myeloid Sarcoma: Clinical and Morphologic Criteria Useful for Diagnosis

Myeloid Sarcoma: Clinical and Morphologic Criteria Useful for Diagnosis

Rare case of a granulocytic sarcoma: cytological evaluation

Chloroma of the Testis After Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report

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