Isolated Cerebellitis in Scrub Typhus

Bhat, Maya; Vykuntaraju, K. N.; Acharya, Ullas V; Ramaswamy, Premlatha; Prasad, Chandrajit

doi:10.1007/s12098-015-1784-5

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…AC has also been associated with Salmonella typhi, Bordatella pertussis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Mycoplasma, Coxiella burnetii, group A Streptococcus, and Orientia tsutsugamushi. Similar findings have been described in some vaccines [2][3][4][5][6]. It has also been reported to be associated with influenza A and B [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A Rare Cause of Childhood Cerebellitis-Influenza Infection: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature

Gökçe

Kurugöl

Aslan

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Pediatrics

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A Rare Cause of Childhood Cerebellitis-Influenza Infection: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature

Gökçe

Kurugöl

Aslan

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Pediatrics

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“…The role of rickettsioses in the high maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidities in Bhutan deserves to be studied. Scrub typhus has also been known to involve the central nervous system manifesting as meningoencephalitis [ 29 – 31 ] and STG has been recently reported as a significant cause of encephalitis in northeast India [ 32 ]. This is important in the Bhutanese context in light of establishing the causes of acute encephalitis syndromes including meningococcal infection, Japanese encephalitis and other viral meningitis syndromes which are poorly understood at present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of rickettsial infections and Q fever in Bhutan

et al. 2017

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BackgroundWith few studies conducted to date, very little is known about the epidemiology of rickettsioses in Bhutan. Due to two previous outbreaks and increasing clinical cases, scrub typhus is better recognized than other rickettsial infections and Q fever.MethodologyA descriptive cross-sectional serosurvey was conducted from January to March 2015 in eight districts of Bhutan. Participants were 864 healthy individuals from an urban (30%) and a rural (70%) sampling unit in each of the eight districts. Serum samples were tested by microimmunofluorescence assay for rickettsial antibodies at the Australian Rickettsial Reference Laboratory.ResultsOf the 864 participants, 345 (39.9%) were males and the mean age of participants was 41.1 (range 13–98) years. An overall seroprevalence of 49% against rickettsioses was detected. Seroprevalence was highest against scrub typhus group (STG) (22.6%) followed by spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsia (15.7%), Q fever (QF) (6.9%) and typhus group (TG) rickettsia (3.5%). Evidence of exposure to multiple agents was also noted; the commonest being dual exposure to STG and SFG at 5%. A person’s likelihood of exposure to STG and SFG rickettsia significantly increased with age and farmers were twice as likely to have evidence of STG exposure as other occupations. Trongsa district appeared to be a hotspot for STG exposure while Punakha district had the lowest STG exposure risk. Zhemgang had the lowest exposure risk to SFG rickettsia compared to other districts. People living at altitudes above 2000 meters were relatively protected from STG infections but this was not observed for SFG, TG or QF exposure.ConclusionThis seroprevalence study highlights the endemicity of STG and SFG rickettsia in Bhutan. The high seroprevalence warrants appropriate public health interventions, such as diagnostic improvements and clinical treatment guidelines. Future studies should focus on vector profiles, geospatial, bio-social and environmental risk assessment and preventive and control strategies.

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“…Approximately 20%–25% of patients with scrub typhus suffer from neurological complications, making this an important part of the clinical constellation. [ 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 ...…”

Section: R Esultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Facets of Scrub Typhus

Garg¹,

Manesh

2021

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology

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Scrub typhus is one of the most frequent causes of acute febrile illness in South and South-east Asian countries. Neurological features accompany 20% of scrub typhus infections, and may affect the central or peripheral nervous system, and sometime, may even occur in combination. Of late, its recognition among clinicians has increased with widening detection of its cutaneous hallmark, called eschar. Multiple mechanisms underlie neurological involvement, including direct invasion (meningitis, encephalitis), vasculitis (myositis) or immune-mediated mechanisms (opsoclonus, myoclonus, optic neuritis, Guillain–Barre syndrome). Despite an immunological basis for several neurological manifestations, response to doxycycline is remarkable, although immune therapy may be necessary for severe involvement. Scientific literature on scrub typhus neurology chiefly emanates from case reports, case series and small studies, and a comprehensive review is warranted to aid clinicians in recognising neurological involvement. This review aims at enriching this gap, and summarises clinical features, laboratory findings, and treatment options for various neurological facets of scrub typhus.

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Isolated Cerebellitis in Scrub Typhus

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

A Rare Cause of Childhood Cerebellitis-Influenza Infection: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature

A Rare Cause of Childhood Cerebellitis-Influenza Infection: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature

Seroprevalence of rickettsial infections and Q fever in Bhutan

Neurological Facets of Scrub Typhus

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