Isolation and Antibiogram of Escherichia coli Isolated from Selected Dairy Farm at Sebeta, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Mastitis is the most prevalent disease of dairy animals, imparting huge economic losses to the dairy industry. Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria are among the common causes of mastitis in dairy animals. A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2021 to August 2021 on lactating Cattle suffering from mastitis cases to isolate Escherichia coli and to assess their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in Sebeta town, Oromia Special Zones, Ethiopia. Prevalence of mastitis by California Mastitis Test at cow level was found to be 87.14% (122/140), out of which 12.85% (18/140) and 74.28% (104/140) were clinical and subclinical, respectively. The study revealed that out of the 560 quarters examined, 24 (4.2%) of them were blind and 536 were functional. The Escherichia coli isolated from CMT positive was 8.07% (31/384); from this clinically and sub clinically affected udder were 1.04% (4/384) and 7.03% (27/384) respectively. Finally, the antimicrobial profiles of the 31 E. coli confirmed isolates were assessed using 10 different antimicrobials. Out of the 31 isolates tested, 7 (22.58%) isolates were found to be highly resistant to Ampicillin, 5 (16.12%) isolates were resistant to Trimethoprim+Sulphamethoxazole, and 3 (9.67%) and 4(12.9%) isolates were developed resistant to Amoxicillin+Cluvanate acid and Tetracycline respectively. However, all thirty-one isolates of Escherichia coli were found to be highly susceptible to five antimicrobials namely Ciprofloxacin (100%), Cefoxitin (100%), Meropenem (100%), Cefotaxime (100%) and Gentamycin (100%). In conclusion, this study determined the importance of Escherichia coli as one of mastitis causing bacterium of the dairy industry and investigated its antimicrobial resistance pattern. Thus, researchers would like to emphasize the need for urgent intervention to control the diseases and prevent the associated loss.