Isolation and characterization of a chlorpyrifos and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol degrading bacterium

Abstract

A bacterium, isolated from contaminated soils around a chemical factory and named strain DSP3 was capable of biodegrading both chlorpyrifos and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol. Based on the results of phenotypic features, phylogenetic similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequences, DNA G+C content, and DNA homology between strain DSP3 and reference strains, strain DSP3 was identified as Alcaligenes faecalis. Chlorpyrifos was utilized as the sole source of carbon and phosphorus by strain DSP3. We examined the role of strain DSP3 in the degradation of chlorpyrifos and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol under different culture conditions. Parathion and diazinon could also be degraded by strain DSP3 when provided as the sole sources of carbon and phosphorus. An addition of strain DSP3 (10(8)cells g(-1)) to soil with chlorpyrifos (100 mg kg(-1)) resulted in a higher degradation rate than the one obtained from non-inoculated soils. Different degradation rates of chlorpyrifos in six types of treated soils suggested that soils used for cabbage growing in combination with inoculation of strain DSP3 showed enhanced microbial degradation of chlorpyrifos.

Biodegradation of Chlorpyrifos (CP) by a Newly Isolated Naxibacter sp. Strain CY6 and Its Ability to Degrade CP in Soil

“…The successful removal of OP insecticides in soil through the addition of bacteria had been previously reported, but (Singh et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2005Yang et al, , 2006Li et al, 2007;Anwar et al, 2009). The degradation of high concentration of different pesticides by isolated microorganisms has been reported previously.…”

“…Anwar et al (2009) also reported the CP-degrading strains Bacillus pumilus C2A1. In addition, Yang et al (2005) isolated Alcaligenes faecalis DSP3, which could degrade not only CP but also PT and DZ. Cho et al (2009) also reported that four kimchi-lactic acid bacteria could degrade coumaphos, DZ, PT, MPT, and CP.…”

“…The CP or OP insecticides degrading bacteria was isolated previously (Sethunathan and Yoshida, 1973;Shelton, 1988;Rani and Lalitha-Kumari, 1994;Singh et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2005Yang et al, , 2006Zhang et al, 2005Zhang et al, , 2006Li et al, 2007;Xu et al, 2008;Anwar et al, 2009;Cho et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2012) but this is the first report of OP insecticides degradation by Naxibacter species. In addition, the several researchers has identified the various genes (opd) and enzymes (OP hydrolase) involved in degradation of OP insecticides (Fu et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2006;Li et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2008;Islam et al, 2010).…”

“…Microbial activity has been deemed the most influential and significant cause of OP insecticides removal (Yang et al, 2005). Kertesz et al (1994) suggested that the conditions under which the environmental isolates were enriched were crucial in selecting for strains with not only the desired degradative enzyme systems, but also specific regulation mechanisms for the degradation pathways.…”

“…Kertesz et al (1994) suggested that the conditions under which the environmental isolates were enriched were crucial in selecting for strains with not only the desired degradative enzyme systems, but also specific regulation mechanisms for the degradation pathways. Larger microbial populations can exist in rhizosphere soil than in bulk soil; these larger populations have been shown to increase the degradation of organic chemicals including OP insecticides (Molina et al, 2000;Yang et al, 2005).…”