Isolation and Characterization of a 6/85-like Mycoplasma gallisepticum from Commercial Laying Hens

Steinlage, Sara J. Throne; Ferguson, N.; Sander, Jean E.; Garcı́a, Maricarmen; Subramanian, S.; Leiting, V. A.; Kleven, S. H.

doi:10.1637/0005-2086(2003)047[0499:iacoal]2.0.co;2

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Even though the MG 6/85 vaccine has generally been very safe for chickens, there are reports of isolation of MG 6/85-like isolates from turkeys showing clinical disease, with a history of chickens vaccinated nearby (Kleven et al 2004;Ley, 2008). Detection of genotypically 6/85-like isolate from unvaccinated layers with swollen sinuses has also been reported (Throne Steinlage et al 2003). Isolates that were MG ts-11-like have been detected in unvaccinated chicken flocks with a history of possible inadvertent vaccination, and subsequent spread to neighboring broiler breeders (Ley, 2008;El Gazzar et al 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Molecular typing of Indian Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolates

Rajkumar

Reddy

Somvanshi

2019

IJAR

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M. gallisepticum infection is a serious economic threat to the poultry industry in India, and the genetic diversity of Indian isolates is unknown. Gene-targeted sequence analysis of M. gallisepticum was conducted for the first time to map the diversity among different Indian isolates from different regions and from different clinical conditions. Sequence analysis of the mgc2 gene grouped the 13 field isolates into four groups. The most prevalent sequence type, the group1 shared 100% identity with the foreign strains THA 3CK08 (Thailand) and UHP1CK99 (Israel). Groups two and three were novel, and were genetically distinct from the strains outside the country. Group four shared 100% similarity with the vaccine strain MG6/85. The nucleotide similarity between the 4 groups ranged from 94.3-99.2%. A PCR-RFLP method using HaeII was tested and validated for its ability to differentiate the Indian field isolates from vaccine strains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Molecular typing of Indian Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolates

Rajkumar

Reddy

Somvanshi

2019

IJAR

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“…These vaccine strains exhibit various degrees of effectiveness and safety (9–11), and there is evidence that some of these M. gallisepticum vaccine strains can revert to virulence (9, 12, 13). Currently, the genetic basis behind the attenuation of the vaccine strains is not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been difficult to differentiate vaccine M. gallisepticum strains from some field isolates (12, 13, 23). This is important in order to differentiate M.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Strain-Specific Sequences That Distinguish a Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccine Strain from Field Isolates

et al. 2017

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Despite attempts to control avian mycoplasmosis through management, vaccination, and surveillance, Mycoplasma gallisepticum continues to cause significant morbidity, mortality, and economic losses in poultry production. Live attenuated vaccines are commonly used in the poultry industry to control avian mycoplasmosis; unfortunately, some vaccines may revert to virulence and vaccine strains are generally difficult to distinguish from natural field isolates. In order to identify genome differences among vaccine revertants, vaccine strains, and field isolates, whole-genome sequencing of the M. gallisepticum vaccine strain ts-11 and several “ts-11-like” strains isolated from commercial flocks was performed using Illumina and 454 pyrosequencing and the sequenced genomes compared to the M. gallisepticum Rlow reference genome. The collective contigs for each strain were annotated using the fully annotated Mycoplasma reference genome. The analysis revealed genetic differences among vlhA alleles, as well as among genes annotated as coding for a cell wall surface anchor protein (mg0377) and a hypothetical protein gene, mg0359, unique to M. gallisepticum ts-11 vaccine strain. PCR protocols were designed to target 5 sequences unique to the M. gallisepticum ts-11 strain: vlhA3.04a, vlhA3.04b, vlhA3.05, mg0377, and mg0359. All ts-11 isolates were positive for the five gene alleles tested by PCR; however, 5 to 36% of field isolates were also positive for at least one of the alleles tested. A combination of PCR tests for vlhA3.04a, vlhA3.05, and mg0359 was able to distinguish the M. gallisepticum ts-11 vaccine strain from field isolates. This method will further supplement current approaches to quickly distinguish M. gallisepticum vaccine strains from field isolates.

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“…CRD affected bird's exhibit signs like reduced weight gain, poor feed conversion ratio, swollen sinus, nasal discharge, higher morbidity but lesser mortality. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Similar signs like nasal discharge, swelling of the infra orbital sinus and respiratory rales were also noticed in a native chicken farm in Tamil Nadu state, India. Similarly, the mortality was 5% while the morbidity was 50% which was in accordance with the earlier findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Chronic respiratory disease outbreak in an organized native chicken farm

Karthik

Bharathi

Mahaprabhu

et al. 2018

JDVAR

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Indian poultry industry is moving with rapid strides in the global market but disease outbreaks cause a major setback to this huge industry. Chronic respiratory disease (CRD) caused by Mycoplasma gallispeticum (MG) is one among the important poultry disease affecting the growth of the industry. This current communication presents the outbreak of CRD among native chicken breeds in an organized farm of India. Post mortem investigation was carried out in the farm as mortality was reported to be 5% and morbidity was 50%. Samples namely trachea, lung, air sac and infra orbital sinus were collected for identifying the causative agent and were subjected to bacteriological and virological detection tests. Samples were found positive for MG by conventional bacteriological method while other bacteriological and virological agents were found negative. Isolates on further characterization using Mycoplasma specific PCR and MG specific PCR revealed that the isolates belong to MG and proved the involvement of the bacterium in causing the disease. Histopathology of the samples also showed the presence of necrotic material and infiltration of lymphocytes. Based on gross pathology, histopathology, isolation and molecular characterization showed that the disease was CRD caused by MG. Thus this reports warrants need for further insights into the clear picture on the status of CRD among native chicken breeds of India so as to carve out a better prevention measure.

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Isolation and Characterization of a 6/85-like Mycoplasma gallisepticum from Commercial Laying Hens

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Molecular typing of Indian Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolates

Molecular typing of Indian Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolates

Identification of Strain-Specific Sequences That Distinguish a Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccine Strain from Field Isolates

Chronic respiratory disease outbreak in an organized native chicken farm

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