Isolation and characterization of a c-type lysozyme from the nurse shark

Vaughan, Nichole Hinds; Smith, Sylvia L.

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2013.09.001

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the same year, the lysozymes from kelp grouper ( Epinephelus bruneus ) [ 35 ] and from turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) [ 36 ] were identified and classified as c-type and g-type lysozymes, respectively. Two years later, a c-type lysozyme was isolated and characterized from the leukocytes of a nurse shark [ 37 ] and two lysozymes genes, and their recombinant proteins from Asian seabass ( Lates calcarifer ) were analyzed. In this case, either c-type and a g-type lysozymes were identified.…”

Section: Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Lysozyme, an Innate Immune Defense Factor, as an Alternative Antibiotic

Ferraboschi

Ciceri

Grisenti³

2021

Antibiotics

209

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Lysozyme is a ~14 kDa protein present in many mucosal secretions (tears, saliva, and mucus) and tissues of animals and plants, and plays an important role in the innate immunity, providing protection against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Three main different types of lysozymes are known: the c-type (chicken or conventional type), the g-type (goose type), and the i-type (invertebrate type). It has long been the subject of several applications due to its antimicrobial properties. The problem of antibiotic resistance has stimulated the search for new molecules or new applications of known compounds. The use of lysozyme as an alternative antibiotic is the subject of this review, which covers the results published over the past two decades. This review is focused on the applications of lysozyme in medicine, (the treatment of infectious diseases, wound healing, and anti-biofilm), veterinary, feed, food preservation, and crop protection. It is available from a wide range of sources, in addition to the well-known chicken egg white, and its synergism with other compounds, endowed with antimicrobial activity, are also summarized. An overview of the modified lysozyme applications is provided in the form of tables.

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Section: Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Lysozyme, an Innate Immune Defense Factor, as an Alternative Antibiotic

Ferraboschi

Ciceri

Grisenti³

2021

Antibiotics

209

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“…According to the DEGs of GO enrichment analysis, the activities of many immune-related subcategories were down-regulated indicating that the overall activity of the immune system of E. j. sinensis was decreased and damaged after being exposed to high concentration stress. However, Lysosome (ko04142), important components of innate immunity and strong antimicrobial properties was up-regulated [6,32]. Moreover, several important immune-related genes were also upregulated, such as C-type lectin, Cathepsin B, and Cathepsin.…”

Section: Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of ammonia stress exposure on protein degradation, immune response, degradation of nitrogen-containing compounds and energy metabolism of Chinese mitten crab

Tang

et al. 2022

Mol Biol Rep

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The Chinese mitten crab is one of the most economically important crab that is widely farmed in China. Ammonia, which is a main physiological challenge for crab culture, grow rapidly in the intensive culture system over time, but little information is available with Chinese mitten crab on the molecular mechanisms. Therefore, to understand the mechanism of response to ammonia stress in Eriocheir japonica sinensis, comparative transcriptome analysis was used to identify the key genes and pathways in hepatopancreas challenged with ammonia stress (325.07 mg/L NaCl). By sequencing the transcriptome hepatopancreas of E. j. sinensis treated with ammonia, 366,472 unigenes were obtained and annotated into several public libraries for later analyses. Subsequently, 1,775 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identi ed according to comparative transcriptome analysis, of which 307 were up-regulated and 1,468 were down-regulated. According to the DEGs of GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, we focused on four aspects of signi cant enrichment in this study: protein degradation, immune response, degradation of nitrogen-containing compounds and energy metabolism. The genes involved in protein degradation and energy metabolism process showed a signi cant decrease which was consisting of overall biological activity of E. j. sinensis decreased. In addition, ve genes involved in high concentration of ammonia were discovered and validated by qRT-PCR. Therefore, this study will help us understand the molecular mechanisms of E. j. sinensis under high ammonia exposure.

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“…A genomic investigation by Venkatesh et al failed to identify g-type lysozyme in the elephant shark genome, however c-type lysozyme was identified (54). This c-type lysozyme was characterized in the nurse shark and found to hydrolyze the cell wall of M. lysodeikticus and inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, suggesting a similar function for lysozyme as in teleost fish and higher vertebrates (129). In addition, two g-type lysozyme genes were discovered in the coelacanth genome, although no functional studies on lysozymes have been completed in coelacanth or lungfish to date (130).…”

Section: Lysozymementioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems in Cartilaginous Fish, Ray-Finned Fish, and Lobe-Finned Fish

2019

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The immune system is composed of two subsystems—the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. The innate immune system is the first to respond to pathogens and does not retain memory of previous responses. Innate immune responses are evolutionarily older than adaptive responses and elements of innate immunity can be found in all multicellular organisms. If a pathogen persists, the adaptive immune system will engage the pathogen with specificity and memory. Several components of the adaptive system including immunoglobulins (Igs), T cell receptors (TCR), and major histocompatibility complex (MHC), are assumed to have arisen in the first jawed vertebrates—the Gnathostomata. This review will discuss and compare components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems in Gnathostomes, particularly in Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) and in Osteichthyes [bony fish: the Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) and the Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish)]. While many elements of both the innate and adaptive immune systems are conserved within these species and with higher level vertebrates, some elements have marked differences. Components of the innate immune system covered here include physical barriers, such as the skin and gastrointestinal tract, cellular components, such as pattern recognition receptors and immune cells including macrophages and neutrophils, and humoral components, such as the complement system. Components of the adaptive system covered include the fundamental cells and molecules of adaptive immunity: B lymphocytes (B cells), T lymphocytes (T cells), immunoglobulins (Igs), and major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Comparative studies in fish such as those discussed here are essential for developing a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the immune system.

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Isolation and characterization of a c-type lysozyme from the nurse shark

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Applications of Lysozyme, an Innate Immune Defense Factor, as an Alternative Antibiotic

Applications of Lysozyme, an Innate Immune Defense Factor, as an Alternative Antibiotic

The effects of ammonia stress exposure on protein degradation, immune response, degradation of nitrogen-containing compounds and energy metabolism of Chinese mitten crab

A Comparison of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems in Cartilaginous Fish, Ray-Finned Fish, and Lobe-Finned Fish

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