Isolation and structural elucidation of novel antimicrobial compounds from maggots of Chrysomyis megacephala Fabricius

Abstract

The excretions/secretions from the maggot of Chrysomyis megacephala Fabricius are traditionally used to treat serious infections in China. In this study, bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of three novel antibacterial compounds (1-3), including important fluorinated compounds (3 and 5), together with other nine known compounds from 70% methanol extract of C. megacephala. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by NMR spectroscopic analysis and high-resolution mass spectroscopy. The antibacterial activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated using agar disc diffusion method. New compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate activity against Bacillus subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg mL(- 1). The most active compounds 3 and 5 displayed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity with an MIC of 125 μg mL(- 1) against G(+) and G(- ) bacteria. The structure of the above-mentioned novel compounds and their antimicrobial activities are herein reported for the first time from the natural product of insects.

Polysaccharide extracted from WuGuChong reduces high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice by regulating the composition of intestinal microbiota

“…WuGuChong, a traditional Chinese medicine with function of improving digestion disorders, has been used to treat infantile malnutrition and fulminant dysentery, as reported in traditional Chinese medical journals such as Compendium of Materia Medica and Materia Medica Companion [20]. Recently, extracts from WuGuChong have been demonstrated to have antibacterial effects, promote wound healing, and inhibit the progression of diabetes and atherosclerosis [21][22][23].…”

Maggot extracts chemo-prevent inflammation and tumorigenesis accompanied by changes in the intestinal microbiome and metabolome in AOM/DSS-induced mice

“…According to this strategy, ME was chosen as a new bioactive insect, owing to its multiple biological activities, especially its anti-inflammatory effects (Wang et al, 2021 ; Lema et al, 2022 ). Bioassay-guided fractionation was used to isolate antibacterial substances from the secretions of the living maggot body (Gao et al, 2015 ). The peptide compounds of maggot had been confirmed to influence the treatment of diabetic foot (Taowen et al, 2022 ).…”

Hormopriming to Mitigate Abiotic Stress Effects: A Case Study of N9-Substituted Cytokinin Derivatives With a Fluorinated Carbohydrate Moiety

“…Nucleosides bearing fluorine or fluorinated substituents within the carbohydrate moiety have been used successfully in many biochemical research studies and therapeutic treatments. As an example, the ability of 9-(2-deoxy-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine to completely inhibit the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis (Shokar et al, 2012), as well as its antibacterial (Gao et al, 2015) and antitrypanosomal (Ranjbarian et al, 2017) effect, have been reported. Significant antiviral activity was also confirmed for their dideoxy analogs.…”