Isolation, Antigenic and Molecular Characterization of Sheeppox Virus from Clinical Cases in Egypt

Hassanien, Rabab T.; Afify, Ahmed F.; Abdelmegeed, Hala K.; Danial, Nadia M.H.

doi:10.17582/journal.aavs/2021/9.3.416.421

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…3). This result is in agreement with previous investigations that used the specific primers and observed a PCR amplification of 570 bp size (Zhu et al 2013, Hassanien et al 2021, Mikhael and Ali 2022.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Pathological studies and ORF 103 gene based molecular characterization of sheep pox virus from outbreaks in Maharashtra, India

Dhaygude

BHUPESH

SHRUTI

et al. 2022

Indian J of Anim Sci

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Sheep and goat pox are endemic in India and causes considerable losses to the animal husbandry sector every year. There are multiple reports of this disease from different states of India; however, information on the occurrence of this disease in Maharashtra state is very scanty. In this context, the present investigation reports the outbreaks of sheep pox in Satara and Solapur districts of Maharashtra state, India, from August 2019 to February 2020 based on clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesions, and molecular detection. Additionally, the ORF 103 gene sequence analysis from field samples revealed 100 to 99% identity with SPPV from Egypt, China, Pune, Ahmedabad, and Makhdoom. In phylogeny, sequences of the present study grouped into SPPVs clade. The finding of this study adds to the knowledge of the epidemiology of sheep pox in Maharashtra state and may help in planning effective prevention and control strategies.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Pathological studies and ORF 103 gene based molecular characterization of sheep pox virus from outbreaks in Maharashtra, India

Dhaygude

BHUPESH

SHRUTI

et al. 2022

Indian J of Anim Sci

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“…In the present study, four reported isolates of the two Ctenocephalides species of all sexes produced four bands at 570 bp after PCR amplification using oligonucleotide primer sequences targeting the ORF103 gene of Capripoxvirus . Phylogenetic analysis of sheeppox virus revealed that five isolates from sheep collected in China and India 53 , Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Nigeria 54 , and Egypt 55 , 56 and maintained in the GenBank database were 100% identical. The GPV isolate has been genotyped, described, and confirmed to be 100% inappreciable to a different Egyptian reference strain recovered from goats and registered in GenBank under accession number MW546999 by Mikhael and Ali 47 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological exploration of fleas and molecular identification of flea-borne viruses in Egyptian small ruminants

Barghash,

Yassin,

Sadek

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The study aimed to investigate molecularly the presence of flea-borne viruses in infested small ruminants with fleas. It was carried out in Egypt’s Northern West Coast (NWC) and South Sinai Governorate (SSG). Three specific primers were used targeting genes, ORF103 (for Capripoxvirus and Lumpy skin disease virus), NS3 (for Bluetongue virus), and Rdrp (for Coronavirus), followed by gene sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. The results revealed that 78.94% of sheep and 65.63% of goats were infested in the NWC area, whereas 49.76% of sheep and 77.8% of goats were infested in the SSG region. Sheep were preferable hosts for flea infestations (58.9%) to goats (41.1%) in the two studied areas. Sex and age of the animals had no effects on the infestation rate (p > 0.05). The season and site of infestation on animals were significantly different between the two areas (p < 0.05). Ctenocephalides felis predominated in NWC and Ctenocephalides canis in SSG, and males of both flea species were more prevalent than females. Molecular analysis of flea DNA revealed the presence of Capripoxvirus in all tested samples, while other viral infections were absent. Gene sequencing identified three isolates as sheeppox viruses, and one as goatpox virus. The findings suggest that Capripoxvirus is adapted to fleas and may be transmitted to animals through infestation. This underscores the need for ongoing surveillance of other pathogens in different regions of Egypt.

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“…In Egypt, the disease is endemic [ 11 ]; however, its epidemiological features are not identified. There are commercially available, live attenuated sheeppox vaccines that are being used more for the protection of cattle against lumpy skin disease than for the protection of sheep against sheeppox.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Vaccination as a Control Strategy against Sheeppox Outbreak in a Highly Susceptible Population

Oreiby

Seada²,

Elazab

et al. 2022

Animals

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This study aimed to investigate a sheeppox outbreak in a highly susceptible naive sheep population in Kharsit village, Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. Moreover, to compare commercial sheeppox vaccines, the Romanian strain and RM-65 vaccines, as emergency vaccination against sheeppox under field conditions. In December 2018, a sheeppox outbreak occurred in a flock of 65 sheep upon the purchase of an apparently healthy ewe from outside the village. This ewe showed a systemic disease with cutaneous lesions after a few days, thereafter more cases began to appear. Cutaneous lesions in other sheep in the flock in the form of macules, papules, and scabs were common in wool-less areas of the body, in addition to fever and respiratory disorders. Postmortem findings revealed the congestion of visceral organs with apparent gross pathology of the lung. Biopsies of cutaneous lesions and visceral organs were collected, and sheeppox was identified by histopathology and transmission electron microscopy, which showed the existence of sheeppox cells and intracytoplasmic brick-shape sheeppox virions. The Romanian strain and RM-65 vaccines were used for the emergency vaccination for two different groups of animals and the third group was left as a control group. Serum samples were collected before vaccination as well as 21 days post-vaccination, and serum protein fractionation analysis was performed for all groups. The outbreak ended after 2.5 months, the cumulative incidence was 66.2%, and the overall case fatality was 51.1%. There was significantly higher protection against sheeppox infection and mortalities among RM-65 vaccine immunized group compared to Romanian strain vaccine-immunized animals at p < 0.05. RM-65-vaccinated animals did not show sheeppox cases or mortalities, compared to Romanian strain-vaccinated animals, which had mild pox signs in 78% of animals and case fatality of 35.7%. The serum protein analysis also indicated the superior performance of the RM-65 vaccine; it increased the level of α1-globulin and β-globulin compared to the Romanian strain, which increased the level of β-globulin only. The current study shows a better performance of the tested RM-65 than the Romanian strain vaccine for emergency vaccination against sheeppox under field conditions. These findings point to the validity of emergency vaccination against sheeppox and the importance of the comparative field evaluation of vaccines; however, wide-scale studies are required for further evaluation. Future investigation of whether the Romanian strain itself or vaccine-production-related issues are responsible for these findings is required.

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Isolation, Antigenic and Molecular Characterization of Sheeppox Virus from Clinical Cases in Egypt

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Pathological studies and ORF 103 gene based molecular characterization of sheep pox virus from outbreaks in Maharashtra, India

Pathological studies and ORF 103 gene based molecular characterization of sheep pox virus from outbreaks in Maharashtra, India

Epidemiological exploration of fleas and molecular identification of flea-borne viruses in Egyptian small ruminants

Emergency Vaccination as a Control Strategy against Sheeppox Outbreak in a Highly Susceptible Population

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