Isolation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated From Sea Lion (Zalophus Californianus) Pups in Northwestern Mexico

Zavala‐Norzagaray, Alan A.; Aguirre, A. Alonso; Angulo-Zamudio, Uriel A.; Ley‐Quiñónez, César P.; Flores-Villaseñor, Héctor; León-Sicairos, Nidia; Velázquez-Román, Jorge; Elorriaga‐Verplancken, Fernando R.; Zavala-Félix, Kevin Alan; Hart, Catherine E.; Canizalez-Román, Adrian

doi:10.7589/jwd-d-21-00183

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…Moreover, Oaxaca is a state with beach, which could be other important focus to get DEC infections. Presence of DEC strains were identified in beach sand of Oaxaca, also in sea animals as turtles and sea lions in others Mexican state; however, this does not rule out that in sea animals of Oaxaca also they are colonized by DEC strains [32][33][34]. Other important infection focus in which children could gen DEC infection are the rivers of Oaxaca, DEC strains had been identified in rivers of other countries [35]; nonetheless, in Oaxaca has more than 10 rivers and there was not studies related of DEC presence in rivers.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 87%

Virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance profile, phylotyping and pathotyping of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children in Southwest Mexico

Tapia-Pastrana,

Rojas-Bautista,

Hernández-Pérez

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) strains are one of the most important etiology factors causing diarrhea in children worldwide, especially in developing countries. DEC strains have characteristic virulence factors; however, other supplemental virulence genes (SVG) may contribute to the development of diarrhea in children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of DEC in children with diarrhea in southwestern Mexico and to associate childhood symptoms, SVG, and pathotypes with diarrhea-causing DEC strains. DEC strains were isolated from 230 children with diarrhea aged 0–60 months from the state of Oaxaca, southwestern Mexico; clinical data were collected, and PCR was used to identify SVG and pathotypes. Antibiotic resistance profiling was performed on DEC strains. 63% of samples were DEC positive, single or combined infections (two (21%) or three strains (1.3%)) of aEPEC (51%), EAEC (10.2%), tEPEC (5.4%), DAEC (4.8%), ETEC (4.1%), EIEC (1.4%), or EHEC (0.7%) were found. Children aged ≤ 12 and 49–60 months and symptoms (e.g., fever and blood) were associated with DEC strains. SVG related to colonization (nleB-EHEC), cytotoxicity (sat-DAEC and espC-tEPEC), and proteolysis (pic-aEPEC) were associated with DECs strains. E. coli phylogroup A was the most frequent, and some pathotypes (aEPEC—A, DAEC–B), and SVG (espC–B2, and sat–D) were associated with the phylogroups. Over 79% of the DEC strains were resistant to antibiotics, and 40% were MDR and XDR, respectively. In conclusion aEPEC was the most prevalent pathotype in children with diarrhea in this region. SVG related to colonization, cytotoxicity, and proteolysis were associated with diarrhea-producing DEC strains, which may play an essential role in the development of diarrhea in children in southwestern Mexico.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 87%

Virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance profile, phylotyping and pathotyping of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children in Southwest Mexico

Tapia-Pastrana,

Rojas-Bautista,

Hernández-Pérez

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria in Nesting Olive Ridley Turtles in Northwestern Mexico

Jorge,

Uriel,

Nidia

et al. 2023

EcoHealth

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Bacterial septicemia and herpesvirus infection in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) stranded in the São Paulo coast, Brazil

Duarte-Benvenuto,

Sánchez-Sarmiento,

Ewbank

et al. 2024

Vet Res Commun

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In August 2021, two juvenile male Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) stranded in the southeastern Brazilian coast and were referred to rehabilitation centers. The animals presented increased body temperature, prostration, respiratory distress and despite treatment died. A necropsy following a standardized protocol was performed, and formalin-fixed tissues were processed for microscopic examination. Samples were screened for morbillivirus, herpesvirus, and Brucella spp. by molecular analyses (PCR, RT-PCR). Bacteriological culture was performed in samples collected from the lungs, trachea, and lymph nodes of both cases. The main histopathologic findings were of infectious nature, including multifocal necrotizing and fibrinous mixed interstitial pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and bronchitis, with intralesional myriad bacteria associated with vascular fibrinoid necrosis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from tracheal and lung swabs of Case 1, and Klebsiella oxytoca was found in nostril swabs, tracheobronchial lymph nodes, and lung of Case 2. Gammaherpesvirus infection was detected in both cases, and the sequences retrieved were classified into the genus Percavirus. All tested samples were PCR-negative for Brucella spp. and morbillivirus. We hypothesize that the deficient immunological status in association with starvation predisposed the reactivation of herpesvirus and secondary bacterial co-infections. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first molecular detection of herpesvirus in an Antarctic pinniped. These findings reinforce that Otariid gammaherpesvirus circulating in the Southern Hemisphere are likely endemic in the Arctocephalus genus. This report contributes to the current knowledge of health aspects affecting wild pinnipeds, especially in the poorly studied Antarctic species.

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Isolation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated From Sea Lion (Zalophus Californianus) Pups in Northwestern Mexico

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance profile, phylotyping and pathotyping of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children in Southwest Mexico

Virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance profile, phylotyping and pathotyping of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children in Southwest Mexico

Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria in Nesting Olive Ridley Turtles in Northwestern Mexico

Bacterial septicemia and herpesvirus infection in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) stranded in the São Paulo coast, Brazil

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