“…These are mainly related with the increased costs and risk of storing and using methanol, as well as the increased oxygen demand and high heat production derived from methanol metabolization (Heyland et al, 2010 ; Prielhofer et al, 2013 ; Çalik et al, 2015 ). These shortcomings have given ground to dedicate important efforts to identify and to develop methanol-free alternatives, which can be classified in two categories: discovery of alternative efficient promoters for P. pastoris (P GAP , P PGK , P THI11 , P PYK , P SDH ) (Periyasamy et al, 2013 ; Landes et al, 2016 ; Juturu and Wu, 2018 ; Massahi and Çalik, 2018 ; de Macedo Robert et al, 2019 ) and engineering or development of synthetic promoters (Ata et al, 2017 ; Wang et al, 2017 ; Prielhofer et al, 2018 ; Vogl et al, 2018b ).…”