Isolation, Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of &lt;i&gt;Acidiphilium&lt;/i&gt;-Like Bacteria from Acid Mine Drainage

Zhang, Yan Fei; Yu, Yang; Liu, Jian She; Qiu, Guan Zhou

doi:10.4028/0-87849-452-9.473

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“…Both strains are capable of autotrophic sulfur oxidation; however Acidiphilium sp. DBS4-1 is also capable of heterotrophic S 0 reduction (28). A. ferrooxidans is a strict iron and sulfur oxidizer and presumably outcompetes the metabolic generalist Acidiphilium in autotrophic sulfur metabolism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microbial community was determined to include clones identified as Acidiphilium sp. DBS4−1 (an autotrophic sulfur oxidizer and a facultative heterotrophic elemental sulfur (S 0 ) reducer) , Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (a chemoautotrophic iron and sulfur oxidizer), and heterotrophic mycobacteria that are widespread in the environment (Table S1 of the Supporting Information). Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) phylogenetic analyses of the experimental systems in this study revealed that the sulfur-processing pods contained two strains of microbes that hybridized with the genus-specific probes for Acidithiobacillus (Thio820) or Acidiphilium (Adcp821; Figure and ref ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial Architecture of Environmental Sulfur Processes: A Novel Syntrophic Sulfur-Metabolizing Consortia

Norlund

Southam

Tyliszczak

et al. 2009

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Microbial oxidation of sulfur-rich mining waste materials drives acid mine drainage (AMD) and affects the global sulfur biogeochemical cycle. The generation of AMD is a complex, dynamic process that proceeds via multiple reaction pathways. The role of natural consortia of microbes in AMD generation, however, has received very little attention despite their widespread occurrence in mining environments. Through a combination of geochemical experimentation and modeling, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, and fluorescent in situ hybridization, we show a novel interdependent metabolic arrangement of two ubiquitous and abundant AMD bacteria: chemoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus sp. and heterotrophic Acidiphilium sp. Highly reminiscent of anaerobic methane oxidation (AOM) consortia, these bacteria are spatially segregated within a planktonic macrostructure of extracellular polymeric substance in which they syntrophically couple sulfur oxidation and reduction reactions in a mutually beneficial arrangement that regenerates their respective sulfur substrates. As discussed here, the geochemical impacts of microbial metabolism are linked to the consortial organization and development of the pod structure, which affects cell-cell interactions and interactions with the surrounding geochemical microenvironment. If these pods are widespread in mine waters, echoing the now widespread discovery of AOM consortia, then AMD-driven CO(2) atmospheric fluxes from H(2)SO(4) carbonate weathering could be reduced by as much as 26 TgC/yr. This novel sulfur consortial discovery indicates that organized metabolically linked microbial partnerships are likely widespread and more significant in global elemental cycling than previously considered.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%